Projection Reception (films about 16mm film)

spe calog calog for p for e for [Music] [Music] for [Music] the room lights are dimmed the projector is running the classroom has become a setting for use of a very effective teaching tool the classroom film yet what these young people learn and how well they learn it rests largely with how the film is used it does work we've constructed an electric motor from a few simple materials let's review what happens by looking at a diagram here is the permanent magnet like all magnets it has a North Pole and a South Pole here's the block of iron with the coil of wire around it an electromagnet the coil of wire is attached to wires leading to a dry cell when current starts to flow the coil becomes an electromagnet with North and South Poles these poles of the electromagnet are attracted by the poles of the permanent magnet and the block of iron turns if we reverse the direction of the current in the coil by changing the dry cell connections the North and South Poles in our electromagnet reverse this puts two North Poles together and two South poles together since like poles repel each other the electrom magnates until opposite poles are attracted to one another if we add the automatic switch to our diagram it will look like this now if the wires are connected to the dryel the motor will continue to rotate in one direction for a science class concerned with how an electric motor works a classroom film has Illustrated a complex process in simple understandable terms the film as is often true has proved itself an effective and valuable teaching Aid this is particularly true when the film has been carefully selected for content and when the students have been correctly prepared for viewing the film activities which follow the film are also important activities such as a post film discussion now can someone explain to me the function of one of the basic parts parts of the electric motor Danny well without that automatic switch the part called the commutator the motor would make a complete Revolution do you all agree with Danny's statement George yes I do because on the diagram you could see that the commutator reverses the current if it didn't the motor action would stop all right now from what we've seen in the film and talk about can someone give me the definition of a commutator Sharon give me your definition a commutator is a device for reversing the direction of a current the film has been used to convey information and to stimulate deductive thinking this kind of discussion of content is as much a part of using a film as the actual showing of it for a film however good it may be is still only a teaching tool and Depends for its greatest Effectiveness on how it is used by the teacher effective use of a film begins days perhaps even weeks prior to the showing when the teacher selects the film the director of her local instructional material Center can often provide helpful advice about which of several films in the same subject area will best suit the teacher's purpose of course one may have to rely on the resume in a catalog to determine a film's Content as well as its running time the important thing at this point is that selection is not a hit or miss Affair but keyed to a lesson plan and made on the basis of the best information available about a film The Next Step you as the teacher take in using a film is to become familiar with it yourself if the film is available to you for only a short time you may have to limit your own preparation to studying the teacher's guide for the film if it is available here you will find usually a more complete description of the film's content than is possible in a catalog or file along with a question you may want to ask following the showing of the film comments from previous users of a particular film if they are available are also helpful an ideal way to study a film and prepare to use it with your class is to preview it with pencil in hand taking notes as the film progresses it can be a real help to have one or more of your students in the preview room with you as they watch from a Viewpoint which is different from yours they will detect new or unusual words or situations which may require explanation before the film is shown to the group they may also reveal interests a teacher may use to motivate the entire class well Billy was there anything you didn't understand well I don't understand why the farmers and Cattleman had to fight so much why couldn't the farmers just settle and plant their crops in the areas where the Catman were located m how about you Mary any words you didn't understand well blooded something blooded stock I think it was creative teachers have many ways of developing class Readiness for seeing a film preparation often starts the day before unusual words may be defined beforehand you recall that yesterday we talked about the problems of settling this large area of our country known as the Great Plains today today we're going to see a film that shows us those problems very clearly of course when the Great Planes were being settled in the 1850s and 1860s the movie camera had not yet been invented so in this film we get the story as we look at famous paintings and drawings made by artists who were there at the time now Kathy do you recall the problem about the Plains area that we discussed yesterday well there was constant fting between wrenchers and Farmers over for the use of land so neither of them could become really prosperous and we decided that this situation kept many people away who might otherwise have come and helped to settle the great ples yes very good summary Kathy now in this film we're going to learn about some other problems that faced these people and what they finally did about them afterwards I want you to be able to identify and discuss the problems and to describe how the eventual solution of these problems affected our country's history all right let's have the film it wasn't like the days when Cowboys fought Indians between Cattleman and Farmers nobody had the what four to make the difference both had six shooters and both could use them peace depended it seemed on finding a cheap and practical fence some tried a thorny hedge the O orange for fencing and it was Pig tight horse high and bull strong but it took four years and more to grow others tried just plain old wire but cattle shoved right through it and the search continued the search for a fence that would combine the low cost of wire with the Thorns of a [Music] hedge [Music] in 1874 Joseph Farwell Glidden a 60-year-old farmer was granted a patent for a barbed fence wire that worked the following year Jacob H received a patent for his improved sarb steel fence wire both methods were practical and inexpensive the West got its fencing but the new fences blocked off the the cattle trails to the railroads and there were some who resisted the changes on the planes brought about by barbed wire some fenced off water holes forcing others to become fence Cutters but the bark of six shooters diminished laws were passed to protect both sides and in time barbed wire turned out to be a blessing to the Cattlemen too they had built their industry on the native Texas Longhorn a tough mean orary Critter as tough on the table as he was on the range with barbed wire fencing the Cattlemen could separate their herds introduce blooded stock and Supply the demand for better beef soon the Great Plains became a new land the railroad the Colt revolver the Arian well the windmill new ways of farming dry land and of course barbed wire enabled our country to settle a vast interior to turn what was once the Great American desert into Rich fertile Farmland who can give me some reasons why the invention of barbed wire was so important to the development of the Great Planes Jimmy well the barb wire helped both farmers and Catlin because they could keep the cattle where they were supposed to be and the farmers could do more farming unless fighting yes and this was the only kind of wire fencing ever invented that could do the job wasn't it why didn't they build wooden fences Karen there wasn't any wood yes that's right Karen now I think it might be interesting to find out why there was no wood available in the Great Plains area this will take some research so Karen you Betty Tom and Allan prepare a report on this we're all going to spend some time reporting on other aspects of this subject too who would like to find out more about the benefits the barbed wire fencing made possible for the Cattleman Bob well I recall the film mentioned something about separating the herds and introducing blooded stock I'd like to know more about this okay Bob you team up with George Bessie Elaine and Frank on that question there are many ways to conduct post film activities profitably the objective should always be to use the film as a springboard to learning understanding and creating assigning a research project on a topic related to the film will help the student to to form relations of ideas Concepts and facts and thereby provide Creative Learning experiences in any review of effective use of classroom films we should not Overlook the importance of physical details for example proper arrangements for seating lighting ventilation and placement of equipment also if you plan the to run the film yourself check ahead of time to make sure you are familiar with the projector and its operation how to thread it and how to operate the controls where these details are handled by a student projectionist it is still important for you to make sure that these arrangements are made beforehand all these physical details May contribute or detract from the showing and hence they are relevant to the creative use you make of a film as a teaching tool remember also that since using a film is part of a creative process the steps you take reflect your own creative ability the first point at which you put your creativity to work is in the selection of the film choosing it for your purposes on the basis of your evaluation of it for the effectiveness with your students the second point is the key to all the steps following it your own preparation for showing the film this is the point where you decide whether you will show the film all at one sitting or use only an excerpt which applies to the particular topic being studied it is the point at which you make final plans for how to use this teaching tool at the third point class motivation you develop Readiness for viewing the film this may be a simple procedure of telling your students the title of the film why they are seeing it and some idea of what they are expected to learn from it or it may be as elaborate as using other teaching techniques over several periods leading up to the showing point four the showing of the film when the creative process is seemingly out of your hands still reflects your guiding role particularly if you decide to repeat the showing of the film or to shut off the projector at a certain spot for a predetermined reason at five the creative teaching aspect comes into full play for student participation includes all the follow-up activities which round out your film discussion testing for Content research work report writing problem any or all of these post film activity of are your contribution and it is your contribution which is the single most important factor in using a classroom [Music] film [Music] [Music] oh [Music] film damage can result from poorly repaired film from faulty equipment and from careless handling this is the result often the best method for repairing the film is to cut out the damaged section and splice the film back together there are many kinds of splies all of them will hold the film together temporarily at least but few of them are designed to allow the film to be projected again in this film we will show you how to make a splice such as this one which will allow the film to be projected again first of all it will help you to know the principle behind the splicing technique Motion Picture film is composed of three General Parts the Emulsion which contains the photographic image the acetate base which supports the Emulsion and a binder which holds these two parts together in the splicing process the Emulsion and the binder are removed first and cement is applied to this scraped area the two pieces of film to be spliced are then overlapped at this point forming a strong permanent splice the equipment needed for splicing includes a splicer a scraper a piece of felt a small amount of water a brush a clean cloth and some fresh film cement the film must be spliced with the Emulsion side of the film facing upwards the Emulsion side can be determined either by inspection or by feeling the film close inspection will show that the Emulsion side has a dull luster while the base is much more glossy feeling the film you will find that the base side feels smoother or more slick than does the Emulsion side to splice position one piece of film Emulsion side up on the pins of the right side of the splicer if the perforations are on one side only notice on which side of the film they appear close the top part of the splicer to hold the film down at least 1/4 in of film should protrude next cut the film off by bringing the bottom part of the left side of the splicer down into position raise the entire right assembly on the left side of the splicer position the other piece of film em side up and bring the top section down into place here too some film should extend from the splicer the perforations should be on the same side as those on the other piece of film bring the right side of the splicer down until it cuts the end of the film squarely then return it to its former position to soften the Emulsion moisten the film on the left side with a wet piece of felt some splicers do not require this moistening next use using either a metal scraper or an Emory board carefully scrape the emotion off of the moistened film brush the loose pieces of Emulsion from the scraped area apply the cement to the film being careful not to use too much and immediately bring the right side down into a locked position overlapping the two pieces of f after 10 to 15 seconds the cement should dry release the top sections of the splicer and wipe off the excess cement the result is a strong accurately made film splice let's make one more splice to make sure you have the process well in mind film in the right right side Emulsion up cut the film film in the left side Emulsion up and again cut the film moisten scrape brush apply the cement and overlap the film The useful life of a motion picture can often be greatly extended by correct splicing repair [Music] this is the age of electronic push button controls from large industrial marbles to the smallest pocket calculator electronic micro circuitry makes things happen with a speed of light quietly and reliably 16 mm sound projectors are still in the pre-electronic age like this outdated adding machine mechanically complicated inefficient difficult to service for instance most popular automatic threading projectors leave much to be desired when film jams in their involved threading me [Music] mechanisms they're not so simple to use or trouble-free when film must be unthreaded to correct a jam or when removed midre many times film is further damaged by this excessive [Music] handling some projectors still use difficult to service and cumbersome designs that haven't been changed in years these old-fashioned spring belts for example are exposed easy to damage and potentially hazardous even slot loaders present problems with your film bearing the brunt of it the fact is that up to now all 16 mm sound projectors have been just about the same but now with today's technology for today's needs 16 mm projection enters the Space Age with the VX system 16 Touch button projector with totally new electronic control for ease of operation for consistently reliable performance for more effective communication each feature is user oriented engineered to satisfy user preferences Touch button operation total remote control all modular design automatic and manual film threading crisp brilliant pictures with lifelike room filling sound VX system [Music] 16 simply touch a button system 16 is energized control console illuminated independent cooling system in operation touch forward each button light brightens when activated then the gentle reliable automatic system 16 takes over the system 16 offers unparalleled versatility with Touch button and slider controls at the projector or at any distance away from it this compact remote control duplicates the projector console in the palm of your hand we call it command pack system 16 is the only projector that offers total remote operation from anywhere you choose just plug in command pack then power on [Music] forward lamp [Music] on even stop on frame and [Music] reverse touch once to change Direction Another Touch to run everything the electronic way without damage to film or projector let's continue press forward on the projector console by simply touching the jog button for stop on frame motion freezes you can study and discuss specific scenes the image on the screen always remains in Focus discuss for as long as you like jog for detail Ed frame by frame analysis in forward or reverse just touch and hold for automatic scanning at one qu normal projector speed fleeting details are magnificently revealed under the scrutiny of Jog and stop on frame and when you're ready to continue touch forward again even sound volume can be controlled via command pack many other exclusive features make system 16 the only years ahead 16 mm projector the safe threader has no moving Parts never requires adjustment its operation is foolproof just release the lock and push it in touch for power and start the safe threader guides the leader through the projector then the threader is moved completely out of the film path so that film contact points are kept to a minimum and to remove the film at any time even in midre simply slide out the safe threader the swing out lens gate and uncluttered film path make unthreading a snap the film is so readily accessible there's no danger of damage due to its mishandling even when removing film from the sprockets there's less film Weare in a clean projector so easy access makes routine cleaning much simpler with system 16 it's not necessary to remove Parts as it is with some slot loading projectors if you choose to thread manually it only takes a few moments an extra long aperture plate and guide rails position the film accurately and conveniently the oversized threading guides are permanently outlined on the projector and easy to follow and spring-loaded sprocket shoes lock into position securely rack and pinion lens focusing is precise and rapid and a convenient lens lock assures constant Focus for reduced film Weare system 16 is the projector with the least number of film contact points just eight while the number of contact points on other projectors ranges from 14 for an ay to 18 for a bell and howl we call it feather touch film handling this poorly made masking tape splice shows how system 16's design permits trouble-free operation here we're cutting off four perforations to demonst how system 16's 3o shuttle and automatic Loop restorer will ease most damaged film through the projector without having to stop tape splices staple splices torn perforations all are easily handled the automatic Loop restorer Works quickly and positively the system 16 rewinds film at high speed without changing reel positions flip up the quick rewind lever and press the reverse button nothing touches rapidly moving and vulnerable film surfaces with inpath rewinding on slot loading projectors fast moving film is exposed to the internal projector mechanism and is subject to damage an energy-saving 200 wat tungsten hallogen lamp provides whiter and brighter light with lower operating cost the lamp is completely accessible easy to replace by simply pushing a button up to four times the rated lamp life may be obtained for extra film and projector protection the cooling system uses a separate motor that operates constantly when the projector is switched on VX offers numerous important extras many unique features make system 16 more useful and convenient fingertip sliding tone and volume controls a separate microphone input and an in independent microphone volume control using a microphone in combination with command packs remote control is perfect for individualized film narration you have a choice of sound or silent speeds the change is affected electronically by changing the speed of the drive motor no belt shifting no complications an external speaker Jack a geared tilt control operates rapidly and won't slip and storage space within the projector for an 800t reel there's a system 16 for anywhere in the world models ranging from 100 to 240 volts 50 and 60 hertz here's the inside story of system 16 superiority through modularity 12 modules each crafted for high reliability the VX system 16 puts them all together for Superior performance and takes them all apart for Superior serviceability we call it ACU block system 16's unequaled 100% modular construction easy to service with minimum downtime and at low cost after individual parts are checked carefully for quality and Conformity to specifications they are assembled into a module each module is then thoroughly tested as a functioning unit this is ACU block dependability for ACU block service ability all modules are easy to replace here the colorcoded wires of the power processor are unplugged after four screws are removed the replacement module takes only minutes to install this is the rugged 20 wat amplifier and electronic control module its integrated solid state flat pack circuitry replaces 70% of the noisy mechanical parts of non system 16 projectors all connections and circuit boards quickly unplug a screwdriver is the only tool required to replace any Electronic Module this is the master board the electronic heart of the projector with competitive projectors the film shuttle mechanism is the most timec consuming and expensive to service here's why to repair this critical area in a bell and& howl this is the disassembly required however with system 16 just replace the projection module it takes less than 10 minutes remove four [Music] screws disengage the motor drive belt and unplug four [Music] wires the projection module is then lifted out of the projector it includes the entire intermittent film Drive mechanism [Music] for example here's the three-to shuttle the removed projection module may be serviced by your own technician however to benefit from system 16's minimum outof service time feature a module kit will supply a working module for immediate replacement the inoperative one is then returned to VX for exchange with a factory fresh replacement at once so that your module kit inventory remains constant and always ready for use it all adds up with ACU block modular design the bulex system 16 does more does it better and does it for longer with Touch button operation with total remote control with all its unique and useful features this 16 mm projector of the Future Ready for to today's Communications needs is right in the palm of your hand try [Music] [Music] it [Music] oh first motion picture but that's and Matthews they like to um leave things for a bit to see if they'll catch on tonight convinced that the movies are here to stay the church is putting on a film meet Matthew no not not the saint but Matthew sprocket the projectionist he also likes to be things for a bit so much so in fact that tonight he's late already between them he and St Matthews have much to learn Mr sprocket I'm sorry I'm late sure I misser the rain was coming down you yes well you're here now now look I hope suitable for your requ first [Music] first now look you think be safe you are dealing with a where' you like this what is it it's sque well up there I [Music] suppose [Music] coming [Music] down [Music] [Music] well I think we are now more or less ready so perhaps if you could take your seats please um there are some to St yet well good evening ladies and gentlemen or perhaps I should say um friends may I first of all welcome all of you uh to what perhaps is a rather momentous occasion in the life of stics for tonight we are to have a film show and I do feel that in this um day and age this whole matter of communication is extremely important we Christians need to be prepared to um communicate with uh to communicate with Communications and we need to do this constantly but as I said I we are going to have a f now I I realize that perhaps a might be novelty it might be when I was a a younger man must say the cinema has been with us now for quite a number of years and perhaps I should confess that occasionally I visited myself although I could rarely be described as a fil B nowadays it is not only in the cinema it is in our own homes that we have not only radio but moving pictures as well in the shape of Television that you have come here to see in film and it is my privilege and pleasure to introduce you to our very able not to say Talented projectionist Mr Matthew sprockett and he is going to project our film for us and I am sure that this will be an experience which none of us will ever forget [Music] [Applause] [Music] right very we all right now we right well uh patience dear friends patience we live we live in a technological age and I suppose in a time like this we must expect the occasional spanner in the wor but I'm sure Mr sprocket will soon manage to remove this particular spanner and I I do feel that it is very important that the church should keep a breast of the times that it should never allow its members to relax into its bosom but it should push them out into the hly berly of life's Rich pageant oh sorry well well the point is that we are all in the dark and we are all seeking seeking the light are you ready now Mr [Music] sprocket [Music] thank you thank you thank you it's valuable Machinery you know well the Vicor did say they were in for an experience they' never forget so let's start again from from the beginning and see how it might be done learning to show films efficiently isn't very difficult but there are perhaps 10 basic Commandments first make sure that your publicity is as attractive and informative as possible and second early preparation is essential this means that their projectionist must be there in good time the hall must be prepared well in advance and this includes adequate blackout when necessary it's a good idea to have stewards in the hall earli to help the projectionist and in particular to control the house lights third the projectionist should make sure he has all the things he'll need a proper projection stand tall enough to clear people's heads spare bulbs adapters for plugs an extension lead for the Main's cable spare spools brushes to clean the projector and chooses commandment four put the screen where everyone can see it and place the the louds speaker as high as possible to left or right of the screen and facing diagonally across the room since you have a Main's extension cable you'll always be able to align the projector correctly with the screen however far away the main socket may be five using the brush you've brought clean the film path the lens and most important the sound Optics the small piece of dirt can permanently damage a film six before lacing up the film switch on the projector and focus the white light on the screen if necessary adjust the position of the projector this should be the last time white light is seen on the screen turn on the amplifier and set tone and volume controls to a Midway position test that the sound system is working by moving the lens brush in front of the Exciter lab then lce up the film this is a projector with automatic threading which makes lacing easy however it is vital to check that the leader is in good condition with no torn sprockets whatever the projector follow the instructions Advance the film to where the numbers start and turn down the volume and you are now ready to start showing the film good evening may I welcome all of you to St Matthews tonight we have a new Venture which is a film called followers of the sun commandment s make sure that whoever does the introduction to the film is clear and to the point Lively discussion afterwards thank you hey eight the correct starting sequence is important switch on the projector motor not the lamp and watch the numbers on the leader as they go into the projector at number three turn out the house lights turn on the lamp and Fade up sound Focus the film and adjust the framing and tone controls if necessary now just before we leave Matthew and sent Matthews let's go over these points once again first always have good publicity second always be punctual arriving in good time third preparation is vitally important try and think of everything you may need fourth see that your projector screen and loudspeaker are in the correct position five take care to clean the film path six preset the film and projector controls so that you're ready to start immediately seven anyone who does a preamble to the film should know how to stand up speak up and shut up eight project the film using the correct starting sequence and nine well At Last you can sit back and relax but do be alert for any problem of their rise never never leave the projector while it is running [Applause] oh is one thing more to do make sure winter that it's the right film with the right title and for the Right [Music] audience [Music] yeah