LIBYA AHEAD

e [Music] the camels move slowly as they since time immemorial traversing a shifting sea of sand following an unmarked path to destination Libya where is she going a Roman Arch and behind it the sharp minet of a mosque a contrast of culture and history Libya what is she going where from what a Turkish Fort that once guarded a harbor against the open Mediterranean Libya much lies in her long past what lies in her future we can see a people's future in their past partly and in their present what will their future be many questions [Music] what answers on a flat and Barren table land an oil rig punctuates The Horizon a question mark or an answer what will oil bring to Libya the Libyan people the Libyan Nation the Mediterranean Basin Crossroads of the classic and modern worlds and cradle of Arab and European civilization midway between J in Suz on the Northern shore of Africa is Libya a large Nation with more than twice the area of Texas nearly double the area of England France and Italy combined her three provinces tripolitania sanica and the fisan have a total population over a million Libya is an ancient country more than 20 centuries ago on the little Plains of her Mediterranean Coast Greece and Rome established stately and prosperous civilizations made Wealthy by Seaborn Commerce and the Caravan trade in Africa's wealth of gold and ivory sabrata lepus Magna curini abalonia cities whose dramatic ruins still speak with classic beauty of the ancient greatness of this [Music] land now as in ancient times Libya draws her principal sustenance from the land with irrigation and modern management methods citrus fruits are an important crop dates are a stable food even near the coastline there is little rain water is [Music] precious from Fields intensively tiled and irrigated the people carry their produce to Market in nearby [Music] towns fruits vegetables nuts olives and poultry are displayed for sale [Music] livestock cattle sheep goats donkeys camels are negotiable wealth also a source of food clothing work and transportation Inland farther from the coastal water table is a semi- desert where B inss pitch their tents and graze their flocks sometimes harvesting a stand of wheat planted there on an earlier visit above them Towers a stone escarpment scaled by a highway that twists and turns its hairpin course over a road bed that's a dramatic feat of engineering upward to a rolling Plateau given over to grazing dry farming and Olive culture the olive trees looked their age they shaded other flocks and other shepherds in the times of Christ and Muhammad on the broad level fields of sanika Agriculture on a large scale increasingly mechanized yields a valuable Harvest of Wheat and other [Music] [Applause] grains St Inland another steam scored by Deep Canyons that are swollen Rivers after heavy rains at its top are the famous Green Mountains of sanika where light cool winds and gentle rains make for Dependable [Music] pasturage Libya's Central Coastline extends deeply Southward Harbor dry and Barren joining the Mediterranean to Africa's desert a trackless waste over which camel Caravans for centuries carried Ivory gold gold spices salt fine cloths and handicrafts if the desert is a sea the camels are its ships and oases are its Island Harbors one of the most famous and exotic is gamis a trans-like vision of palm shaded streets and watered Fields Gama's 3,000 inhabitants find Refuge from The Summer's heat in homes along deep underground Galleries and Asis is a trading post and Watering Place but beyond these watered Havens the desert is a forbidding barrier to trade where little rain falls and less or none is held which supports hardly a sprig of green or life in any form on Libya fell the heaviest destruction of the North African campaigns of World War II the cities of sanik to Brook Benghazi DNA and many others are familiar names from the campaigns of raml and Montgomery military cemeteries with their long rows of graves are a sad aftermath of War here lie the dead of Allied and axis armies here also are the graves of the seni and other Libyan Patriots who never ceased to strive for their National Independence for years to Brook's Harbor was closed by sunken ships the city itself was devastated Time and Again by shells and bombs Benghazi shows the scars of over a thousand Air Raids but after almost a score of years of energetic rebuilding the city has been partly restored to her original Beauty her Inner Harbor has been cleared of dereli chips a handsome Waterfront and busy streets lined by colorful modern buildings identify Benghazi as the capital city of sanika co- capital of Libya and alternate site of the Libyan Parliament Tripoli is the principal city of tripolitania and Libya's Western [Music] capital a shining luminous City reflecting the Brilliance of the Mediterranean Sun tripoli's Waterfront with its parks and wide formal Avenues borders business streets whose Long shopping arcades are an important tourist attraction her main streets carry vehicles of every size make and nationality five times a day the voice of Islam is heard from the mosque calling the people of the Quran to prayer to worship of the one [Music] God in the narrow streets of the Old Town The Smiling courtesy and friendly warmth of Libya's people shines from passing faces everywhere is heard the ancient Arabic language expressive Musical and poetic which is one of mankind richest treasures and Western eyes Feast on the treasures of Libya's traditional arts and crafts [Music] and it's these two worlds old and new that have met at the dock facilities of tripol Harbor in the great Enterprise of oil development Two Worlds have met despite barriers of History culture and language not in Collision but in mutual confidence cooperation and friendship with the emergence of Libya as an oil producing Nation Tripoli has become a main debarkation point for petroleum equipment and material ships and trucks carrying all the equipment it takes to find and produce oil iron from Texas engines from Molen and Poria cement from Genoa flow of valves and wire rope from Kansas City pipe and drill bits from Pittsburgh and Baltimore all the components of a specialized and complex technology and every pound of it is a costly investment by Private Industry in the search for the petroleum that is a prime source of industrial energy and a major contribution to human welfare the first step on the way to oil in Libya is the pipeyard a Depot of equipment material and Rolling Stock that services and supplies a major operation of oil exploration and development a well stocked Way Station first stopping point between the harbor and the desert desert empty Bleak desolate and on the Libyan Desert the added Hazard of uncounted mines in military Mine Fields both mapped and unmapped and so for the oil man a new technique new words in his vocabulary and a new Wrinkle in the story he tells of the Libyan oil fields in the oil business we're used to problems conditions that make the job tougher like weather terrain distance but this is new mines left out here for years don't lose their punch they just become more dangerous more hair trigger removal is not difficult though if you know how when you have that certain swaying step you've got it made [Music] these men have lived out here they know this desert they also know what these Minds have done to their people and their country no wonder they get a certain satisfaction when another one goes up in smoke how do you go about finding oil especially on a desert twice the size of Texas years of geological analysis had indicated that there might be oil down there but finding it is another matter entirely and we knew we'd have to find not only oil but a lot of oil commercially significant quantities of it to find it you fly over the country looking for surface structures that promise a fault a dome a reservoir where Oil may have collected once you've located those likely structures you'll begin the long foot slogging mile by mile work of seismology Highly skilled Libyan Crews lay down the spreads of geophones sensitive microphones that can pick up any sound or vibration carried through the Earth in the distance the thumper truck lifts and drops a 5ton weight the shock of the weight reflected from underground structures is recorded in an airconditioned seismic truck on delate instruments 100 years ago in Pennsylvania a practical genius named Drake hit oil at 59 ft without geology or seismology but now most of the shallow oil has been found oil men have to look farther and deeper but in a 100 years they have learned much about where to look and how to find deep oil you send your seismic records back to the lab for analysis and coordination once the people at the lab have studied your findings and think they know where Oil may be well the job's only begun you have to take an industry out onto the [Music] desert you carry your assigned load plus gas water food repair tools you may be on the road 3 to 11 days depending on your load your road and your luck you take the smooth maadam along the coast then turn South and hurry we need that load [Music] a desert Warehouse 5,000 miles from New York hundreds of miles from The Oasis Oil Company pipey yards in Tripoli or Benghazi a small city of its own serving and supplying a drilling concession as large as many states or countries out here we got everything we pump and store our own water from Deep Wells our garages maintain anything that moves on Wheels those trucks keep us well fixed for pipe a good inventory all lengths and gauges and types in our storage yard there's more drilling material in one place than you're likely to see in years in the oil business we try to keep things homey a home away from home in this business we always have a doctor nearby we try to keep everything out here any of our crews might need but when you need something you haven't got and you can't waste days of trucking time waiting for it you put in a radio call for Air Supply there's no telephone out here so we had to build our own Radio Network coming in now airst strip number four you know how we build an airst strip out here we don't anywhere you can drive a truck 60 M hour for a half mile mark it out and that's it and when there's a breakdown at a drilling site and need for some special part or a special man to help fix it well it's tough enough out here with good air transportation without it we wouldn't be anywhere an airplane puts the entire concession only hours from the pipeyard or specialized Medical [Music] Care rig number 15 days since Spud 17 whole size 9 and 5/8 in footage last 48 hours 478 drilling an anhydride and Dolomite mud weight 9.9 viscosity 48 ph10 no special problem you lose a tool on the bottom and have to fish for it or you hit a porous structure and lose circulation or your motor goes out and you lose half a shift waiting for parts and repairs but we've been in this business a while we know a few tricks but for these libyans on a job that's still new to them they're learning learning fast just as we did in Pennsylvania and Texas there's lots to know it takes time and this is the time and the place to learn it in a single concession there may be a warehouse five airfields two seismic Crews at work five camps established two or three water wells maybe 60 trucks at locations and in transit perhaps seven rigs Drilling and each rig three crews of six men each some 40 people in all Libyan European and American eating sleeping and working there day and night 7 days a week summer heat and winter cold at each drilling rig as the drills bite deeper core S are taken recording progress down into underlying strata Limestone and hydrite Dolomite quartzite Sandstone sand oil bearing sand preferably toward oil that's the question out of every nine drilling SES on the average eight are dry holes the odds are against you 8 to one and now 5,000 ft deep and no show of oil drilling expensive the deeper the more so now what pull out or go deeper go deeper dry whole or producing well that's part of the gamble a chance that oil men have learned to live with and in Libya the outcome has been favorable at many drilling sites are C Wells that will be big producers the kind an oil man dreams about there's oil out here oil discovered proved ready and waiting waiting for what the answer involves complicated considerations of Economics for oil on the desert is not oil on the market first a gathering system must be built to bring all that oil from all those Wells to one Central Point and when there's enough oil to justify the expense a pipeline must be constructed to carry it on its long way to market across forbidding desert over shifting Sands past eroded bad lands across W beds that are brawling torrents after desert rains over rugged Mountain divides down precipitous hillsides down to the bare and Barren shores of the Mediterranean and once the pipe has been brought to the exposed Coast terminal facilities of all kinds will be needed with provision for moing ships and floing them by underwater Pipeline and made toward a port through which Libyan oil will flow on its long journey from the desert into the expanding and highly competitive markets of [Music] Europe throughout the tents and hopeful years of oil development the Libyan petroleum commission has shown great enthusiasm sincere and helpful cooperation those years were a time of suspense when the oil men and the Libyan authorities shared an exciting gamble but today the rigs on the desert are no longer a question mark instead they stand as monuments to successful accomplishment under Libya's Sands lie the petroleum resources which will assure her economic independence and Aid her movement ahead into a better future it hasn't been easy the oil business never is way down deep far into the ected structure close to basement rock and still no show of oil drilling's expensive and well there's that question every oilman hates to ask drill deeper or pull out do you walk away from all that investment with nothing to show for it but a hole in the ground or do you keep on and maybe throw good money after bad so you call headquarters yes or no and that's that dri still deeper one time in nine oil on a desert where few things grow a lake of [Music] oil okay so you've hit oil good that's that take her down get ahead to the next one one producer doesn't make an oil field one oil field doesn't make a nation rich or great so so move ahead get on toward another site get the rigs working again the men drilling again the bits cutting again through Dolomite sandstone and hydrate to oil bearing [Music] sand across the rolling sand and gravel of the Libyan Desert an oil rig moves slowly and purposely toward a distant destination the dry Desert Wind will soon obliterate the tire tracks but evidence of their passage Will Survive tangible and enduring part of the Libyan [Music] Destiny ships in Libyan Harbors are a certain index of an expanding economy for today Libya is a nation moving ahead her Valiant effort in the dramatic story of oil development is part of a total pattern of Economic and human progress construction is booming on the outskirts of Libya cities grow Pleasant and extensive residential suburbs at Libya's airports expanding Air Services bring representatives of nearly 20 oil development companies from five countries along with diplomatic officials and a swelling stream of tourists drawn by comfortable hotels a beguiling winter climate and surroundings of exotic Beauty and historical significance not to mention some of the world's finest beaches Independence oil and tourism are a strong stimulus to employment and personal income since 1951 Libya has been a constitutional monarchy with representative self-government under a wise devoted proud yet humble King the Libyan flag flies proudly over the Royal homes in each of her three provinces human resources are the basic wealth of Any Nation in Libya with modern medicine and hygiene a new generation is rising stronger straighter healthier education is a foundation of Libyan progress only those who have lacked it can realize their thirst for knowledge with understanding and hard work the Libyan people are learning to make their land Greener and more [Music] productive they are conserving their water supply they are rebuilding their soil resources [Music] they are developing new skills in industry in business and in The [Music] Sciences they are preparing in many ways to meet The crucial challenges of the present and the coming years each year on the 24th of December Libya proudly celebrates her newly won Independence [Music] [Applause] Libya celebrates libia has much to celebrate Libya moves ahead [Music] [Applause] [Music] he [Music] a [Music] [Applause] [Music]