Iowa TV Schooltime - Let's Explore Science #7, 1952

let's explore science woi TV in cooperation with Iowa State Teachers College brings you another in this series Iowa TV school time and now here is mr. Waller Gulman of the Department of teaching at Iowa State Teachers College with this morning's lesson good morning this morning we have lots of equipment you can see here we're going to work with this equipment and see what we can discover is how plans getting used food but boys girls before we start that I think we should introduce our young yes now will our young guests tell who you are your grade and your schools for these people will know that recognize you yo Carson royal school 6th grade here Janice now let's see what we can do with all this equipment over here I see a large large bottle they tell me it's distilled water should we see if it's distilled water how are we going to tell you know how to test for distilled water when if you know how like the test for distilled water you know what the skilled water is Gilbert water that has no mineral do you know how they got the minerals outfit well then the steam happy they is blown up in steam and the change in water again you are telling us then that minerals don't boil away with the water well if there are no minerals in here then we should be able to keep this water and boil it put a little in there and boil the water ways see what's left in the dish will light our alcohol lamp start the water heating now while we're doing that let's work with this piece of equipment we have a piece of glass here open on both ends and piece of glass would do ordinary piece of blotting paper that will put on here now that blotting-paper would stay on unless i fasten it so i will put a little piece of cloth over it the rubber vines around that should do it different now what are we going to do with this see here we have some soil this is good black top soil pour some of this soil in this jar see it's very dry we haven't have any water in it sort of the poor that should be enough oh maybe we could just push this thing here get some more of our distilled water from the bottle we have a good supply conflict pour this water on here weird observe happening the dry soil getting wet you see the water going down well that water should run on through the soil and I think we'll have to wait for the water to get through so let's let's do something else over here I have two duranium plants we we have lots of equipment this morning don't wait let's put them right off here monday when i got these from the greenhouse they both looked about the same you see any difference in the now pair a new skinny difference this one what's yes i think you think they're shriveling a little I kept this very wet but this one doesn't look quite as healthy does it yes it doesn't look very healthy i'll tell you what i did with these geranium plans this one was kept on a windowsill very good light i have a closet back Teachers College it's very dark know life can get it and I put this one in there monday and it's been in there since Monday now I'm going to take this one back and put it in the closet again and save it for a few more weeks now the boys and girls listening to this might try this same experiment and when we come back on another TV show you could check your results with ours what you supposed was lacking in that dark cloth what did the pen he suppose a lamp would have done as well you know it had no sunlight huh why do plants need sunlight you're good you're on the track then these carbon dioxide from the air what are they going to do with this card dioxide from the air make it into sugar I have a carbon dioxide molecule here to see it has one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen we show this on another TV program here I have one two three four five six molecules of carbon dioxide do you think you could take these six molecules of carbon dioxide and make one molecule of sugar out of them without using anything else Gilbert do you think you could do that what else you need well you have some oxygen here what do we have in the sugar remember with these yellow one stood for the these are hydrogen V stand for hydrogen these are carbon and these are oxygen now if we just took the carbon dioxide totally missing wouldn't have any hydrogen you see any hydrogen here you know what those molecules are you know what some of those molecules are molecules of water now gilberto wonder if you could take these six molecules of water and these six molecules of carbon dioxide take them all apart and build a molecule that looks just like this while you're doing that will go on with the something else over here we have a little dry ice can I handle this with my hands and I hand it with my hands you say for a little bit is it safe to handle your hand have you tried handling it they're very cold let's chip a piece from this piece of dry ice from this tell me with dry ice it I'm gonna tell me with dry ice is that's a good way to say it solid carbon dioxide I'll put it in this flask and here i have a little bottle of lime water pour the lime water on the dry ice we've got a lot of water vapor a fit Leclerc file doesn't it but look at the lime water what's happened to it how do you use the test for you haven't used this test have you tested for carbon dioxide what do you suppose I could use as a test for carbon dioxide or you have blown your Everett through lime water heavier we were going to do that on this program what you suppose I could use as a test for carbon dioxide if dry ice is carbon dioxide and I put it in lime or the lime water gets milky you see any test I could use for carbon dioxide what will lime water do when it gets the carbon dioxide in it what does it do here turn milky how is our sugar molecule coming he has hasn't gotten too far yet he's getting it built I think she has to spare parts isn't it let's try another legal experiment we'll go ahead of him a little and then come back to us I want to save our time here I have a large jar candle let's light the candle been a little wet eric's burning we were waiting until the candle starts to burn just a little better now let's put it down in that big jar put down the big jar there it is no the candle seems to burn all right in there take a piece of wet cardboard and close the mouth of the jar shut off the supply of air what do you expect to happen to the candle have you tried this experiment support why will the camel go off dick why is it penalty they're going what part of the air does it handle you is to keep playing going you know oxygens right yes well the cash handle is still doing very well isn't it no it isn't it's getting dimmer isn't it getting dimmer all the time I guess it is used up some of that oxygen hasn't it now we'll take the candle out move it this back over what's in this bottle let's put the lime water in there that much and will you think I should shake it is still clear let's shake it so many carbon dioxide in her pick it up now what's happened to it what gas was in the bottle carbon dioxide you know how it got in there was running carbon dioxide in that bottle before i put the candle in you think it came from the flame of the candle hey let's put some some lime water in another in a beaker in which we have had no candle put a piece of cardboard over the mouth of that shake it does it get milky how did the carbon dioxide get in the jar where the name of the cannula gained from the flame of the candles you know what atoms were in the flame of the candle at two combined with the oxygen to make the carbon dioxide atoms of carbon oh yes you have your sugar molecule all built see this sugar molecule it is just like mine isn't it you join me spare parts left over oh yes he had lots of spare parts what are they their atoms of oxygen if we would hook them together like this in pairs we would get oxygen gas wouldn't wait just in pairs well now let's see what he got here you took water carbon dioxide and what is this took them apart and made what sugar molecule and what you have left over Adams guess what guess oxygen atoms molecules we have at the atoms making molecules where molecules of oxygen gas on the board i have written what happened here you took five and I oxide and water now I have the word energy in here and here's some energy to push them together dinger energy resulted in life there's an oxygen by the way is that done in nature what what does that plants or animals what what were you what were you representing here you are representing a plan all plants or just green one you know you think all of them have you ever heard of chlorophyll yes hmm what color is it 33 which plans that chlorophyll green plans we should have put something else we should have said we need chlorophyll in order to make this take place now if plants are doing that then the plant will be making sugar for us won't they but I see a problem here I should think the plants would use up all the carbon dioxide in the air you're going to have a factor you have enough raw materials glad to to news of all the carbon dioxide in the air and they'd have no more carbon dioxide molecules if you didn't have carbon dioxide molecules you couldn't build this could you how do you suppose the plants get a supply of carbon dioxide remove from animals let's see if our breath has carbon dioxide we will try each of you here if you all have breath it's about the same porfa little lime water bottles then we will need a sort of straw oh we're to pick up a bottle and blow your breath take it from deep in your lungs blow your breasts in the lawnmower let's try bubble it through just slow your breath through the lime water a little more on that be good results yet jeananne kidding results oh yes yogurt is getting very good results what's happening to the lime water it's turning milky we put these aside with the mark our way what gasps do you breathe out from your lives I'm dioxide is there any other way that carbon dioxide can get near think of the experiment that we did when we went ahead of Gilbert take a candle and put her into a jar and put a lid over person that uses it gives off carbon dioxide uses up beyond all right the candle gave off carbon dioxide didn't it can you think of any other sources of carbon dioxide beside the candle and your breath my planner you think some plants give off carbon dioxide in living let's see if they do but here I have some seeds that have been sprouting you can't even bear welders with following the bottom they've been sprouting in germinating and about 24 hours ago I put this cork in so no gasp adentro early now these little plants have been pushing out roots I wonder if they have been using oxygen burning with food as much as we do let's see a little lime water in here let me see it let's shake it notice what's happened let's pour it out you already see that it's very milky heavy you're very good observer oh yes it has turn milk isn't it maybe we should examine one of these seeds find out what's going on in there take one apart all posting up here to see the seed let's see we have a little seed coat on it will take that off that there and let's break the bean seed in half look what I discover what is that the root in the top is a bean plant isn't very well growing it is it it's just a sprout you say it isn't very well grown is it but look what i have over it oh yes i got part of the leaf off here with it that belongs with the bean plant that's why you didn't recognize it now i have something left over now you did very well to Leanne what does it need to get its own food what color doesn't have to be though it needs to turn green guitar film that had to have enough energy to grow up let's take a look these sprouting beans and here we have some of the same beans there just a little part of law they throw a little more than this squat do they have their store brother taking their start food right with them as they come up where is it I wonder what would happen if we discard food away from some of them do you think they stop growing why are they ready to make their own food yet under little green yes their little green aren't they let's try it now to take several weeks to find out what's happened yet we will carefully cut the store food off without hurting the plant shut off here without injuring the plant at all we should do that on several of them this one can match that one candidate let's put the store food from this one we're very careful not to injure the plan I'll take these back with me and put them where they have a chance to grow and find out what happens maybe we can show them to you on another TV program let's take one more i will make three now I'll put this one in bright light so the feed green leaves can make any food you think the plants can still there here we have another these two one so ambitious who didn't grow up so much today let's take some of the 50 tabs off these yes that one does not much chlorophyll does it well some of these others come up i will take the seat has problem they aren't sprout is quite enough and i'm going to put this one in a dark closet keep this our food away and put in the dark closet you have any idea what might happen you think that they won't throw it all you think these without the stored food will starve yeah just like that let's go back for distilled water it's and evaporate it now notice any deposit in their new minerals ok don't touch the top see there's something in there let's put this one aside for a comparison let's put another one on here I think we have enough water from our sea of our soil let's put some of this a little of this and evaporating dish put on the Bunsen on the alcohol lamp and let it evaporate and we'll go back and work with something else see if we have here well this is an onion that's been kept in a dark box how could you tell that it's been the dark box no far feel how do you know there's Nate Parker it isn't very green it's uh yes it looks very yellowish you think these plants have been making their own food I'll put they don't have a chlorophyll did they have light where was it stored in the tube of the onion volvo the onion rather how could you tell by feeling is that probably they've been using food from there yes it's much softer than the onions that your mother raised in the garden isn't it now this onion we will put in a light place I think what happened to the least if we put it in a in a light that's the leaves will start to turn green oh I see one of our other piece of apparatus is now operating let's go back we have to jump back and forth here to make things work do you remember when you made the molecule of sugar what did you have left over here think green plants would give off this oxygen gas if they made sugar yes let's see if they are here we have some green plants some water plants and we've been shining a bright light on them here for about an hour I don't know how ambitious they are can you see any thing as you can see bubbles coming to the top we suppose the bubbles are there giving off oxygen the let's go back to our two equations on the board this one where green plants and sunlight carbon dioxide and water molecules and put them together and have the energy of the Sun and get sugar and oxygen that process has a big name I have it written on the board can you draw a line from the word up to that equation that's right did you remember that big word photo means light doesn't like a photographs and synthesis means to put together that like you puts a sugar molecule together remember when we blow our breath through the lime water turn milky this is what happened our blood carried sugar up to our sales the sugar the blood also brought some oxygen and then the body put them together and what did we get what use do you have the energy how do you use the energy that you get Gilbert played you use energy to run around replay yes you need that energy to go to the studio this morning ginger let's see what else we get what's this and water we've already tested sure that your lungs give off carbon dioxide you know what test to show that your lungs give off water simple test when we have a cold morning blow on a window pane you can see your breath and you think all that water that your lungs give off its asset was made when you burn sugar with oxygen or do you drink water also yes you also drink water but some of it probably was now I have a big word on the board respiration do you want to draw the line from respiration now we see if we read this one backwards but if we get read that one backwards which one do you get you get respiration if you read respiration backwards what you get which one do you get a few read respiration backwards you can't photosynthesis which living think does this which living thing does this the plants ever do this at night you say when there's no sunlight on them to germinating seeds do this what was our result with the germinating seeds in the lime water they do now if these two are just opposites plants and animals should live together very nicely shouldn't they all right they should be able to live together very nicely well we that's what we have in this balanced aquarium what are the animals what are they what does the fish give off the snails also i'm glad you brought it in what do the fish give off the fuel for the fire which site what's the fish give off can be used for plant i'm now say what are the plants give off it reviewed by the fish oxygen they live very nicely but you say well they have air here the oxygen could smell the air from it to come from the air now we have another little aquarium where everything living in that oh yes now we're going to play a little trick on these we're going to shut them out from the outside world shut them off in the outside world this cover see it has a very good seal I'm going to put on here I'm going to seal it so typing no air can get in and no air can leave and then we'll just have to wait for things to happen will bring that back on another TV program to find out if our fish are living but they're dead now you might try this new own classroom predefined some small fish a very good one for you to try you can compare your results that I let's go back to our alcohol flame we going to deposit has to turn a little black there were some carbon in it that's the minerals from the soil of the plant will use now our engineer is giving us the time signal our program is over practice I wish I hope that the boys and girls watching this enjoyed it as much as we enjoyed putting on the program for you I hope that you try some of these experiments in your own school room so that you can check our results against yours and you boys and girls have been of a very in a good class let's explore science has been another in the series of Iowa TV school time brought to you by wo I TV Iowa State College State University of Iowa Iowa State Teachers College and the State Department of Public Instruction technical director was Charles Holly this program was directed by Bob chase