Human Body : Skeleton (1953)

the human body is an interesting and wonderful mechanism think of all it allows us to do run jump stand walk any number of different movements from very simple ones to very complex but you know many of the things that human body can do would not be possible except for the basic framework of the body the skeleton we all have a skeleton you can feel portions of it where they come close to the undersurface of the skin there at the wrists the knuckles say the fluoroscope will give us a clearer picture now I'll turn out the light and you watch my right hand all right now let's look at the human skeleton here it is a group of about 200 bones and sizes directly or indirectly connected to the spine which supports the ribs the shoulders the upper extremities including the arms and hands the skull the hips and the lower extremities including the legs and feet now that is the complete human skeleton a group of bones now let's look more closely at the important parts we'll begin with the spine or spinal Cup it is made up of small bones called vertebrae together the bones of the spine can move quite a bit see how the interlocked movement and support the two main functions of the spine now let's look at the ribs the ribs form a protective cage they protect your heart and lungs and the other vital organs within your thorax protection that's the main function of the ribs now let's look at the shoulder girdle it consists of two long sturdy bones in front called clavicles and two flat shoulder blades behind called scapula the shoulder girdle gives extra protection to the vital organs watch picture yourself carrying a box on one shoulder the ribs are not moved and your vital organs not disturbed extra protection that's one of the functions of the shoulder girdle in the human body attached to the ends of the shoulder girdle are the arms there is a ball-and-socket joint at the shoulder because of this joint the arm can move in almost any direction the upper arm has a single long bone the humerus I will just turn it like this there is a joint at the elbow which operates like a hinge you can see the type of action this joint permits the lower arm has to long both the radius and ulna the joint at the ends of the radius and ulna allow for twisting and turning notice how the radius is rolled over the ulna attached to these are the wrist and hand bones many small bones are here movement depends on the presence of various joints when they all work together many movements are possible including those which permit us to pick up articles and hold them this is the most moveable part of the skeleton movement that's the principal function of the arms and hands in the human skeleton now notice this the shoulder girdle arms and hands are similar to the hip or pelvic girdle blades and feet the hip girdle gives extra protection at the sides our ball and socket joints which connect it to the upper leg bone or femur the leg has one upper bone and two lower bones the fibula and tibia separated by a hinge joint at the knee it's similar to the arm instruction and the ankles and feet resemble the wrists and hands in their joint and bone structure and the whole structure is capable of great variety in movements see how the knee joints allow movement see how the feet support the body see their flexibility motion support and protection all three of these functions are performed by the lower part of the skeleton now let's consider another part of the skeleton the skull it is similar to a strong spherical case made of bone it is solid and immovable except that the jaw which allows for talking and eating it serves to protect such delicate organs as the brain and eyes protection the primary function of the skull well now you've seen something about the skeleton you know of course that can function only in cooperation with the muscles ligaments tendons nerves and other parts of the body as a whole remember it is built up around the spine the spines primary functions are support and move the ribs help protect the organs in the upper part of the trunk the shoulder girdle gives extra protection to the top of the body the arms and hands help in movement the hip girdle helps protect the lower part of the body the legs and feet help in support and movement and the skull protects the delicate brain the eyes the ears and other organs it contains there are similarities between the shoulders arms and hands and the hips the legs and the feet there are joints that allow movement such as the movement of the spine of the shoulder elbow lower arm and hand of the needs of the ankles and feet and toes there is more about the skeleton you'll want to learn because it is such an important part of the human body the basic framework which offers protection furnishes support and permits movement [Music]