Homes around the world.

do you live in a large American city perhaps in a tall apartment building where elevators carry people to their homes or do you live in a village in a home along a shady Street in this film we shall see many kinds of homes around the world farm houses like these out in the country small well-kept homes in suburbs where each family lives in its own house we shall see some large and roomy houses built long ago and others which are small and inexpensive people live in homes because they need shelter from the heat and cold rain and snow Sun and wind homes are most often made of materials that are available nearby forests provide lumber for building many of our homes the large Douglas fir trees of the Pacific Northwest are especially valuable source of love the logs must be hauled nearby sawmills wear great band saws cut them into lumber after the lumber is cut it must be dried or seasoned this is done usually in the open air it takes a year or more to season most would properly skillful carpenters select the lumber which they cut to length and nail together to make the frame the first step in making a warm comfortable home like this one these homes are made of wood and brick brick is a widely used home building material bricks are made from clay here in this clay pit a mechanical shovel digs and moves the heavy raw clay clay is a kind of earth formed in river valleys in many parts of the world our great shovel scoops the clay into a waiting truck the truck transports the clay to the Brickyard [Music] the clay is mixed with water and molded into bricks after the bricks have been fired or baked in ovens they become the hard tough building material out of which homes can be made clay is an important building material in many lands this is true of Peru on the west coast of South America where the walls of many homes are made of adobe bricks and the roofs of clay tile men clamped dry mountain grasses into the wet clay this produces a mixture known as adobe [Applause] the adobe is packed into molds the frames are removed and the adobe blocks are left to dry and harden in the Sun [Music] when the sun dried adobe bricks are fitted together they make warm strong homes the thick walls keep the heat out in the summer and shut out the cold during the winter water to the north near the Arctic Circle lies the land of snow and cold Eskimo homes are built low and strong to withstand storms and high winds Eskimos call every kind of shelter and igloo father na Luke and his son ki Lu are preparing to leave home to go on a hunting trip mother and sister hope they will return with more food and skins Eskimos make their igloo homes of materials found nearby driftwood stone and dirt almost everyday father Nalu inspects his home and makes small repairs [Music] father Nalu cantaloup will be away from there stone and driftwood a blue home for many days on this hunting trip while they are away they will need shelter their first task when I reached the hunting ground is to build a temporary or hunting igloo they quickly build their hunting igloo of blocks of snow a few driftwood poles and overall they stretch one of their most valuable possessions a piece of strong canvas which they have secured from the trading coat when their shelter is secured the hunt begins far to the south in Brazil is the largest river system in the world the Amazon this river flows through great forests and dense jungles heavy rains water the plants and trees and fill the rivers to overflowing along the Amazon families build their homes on a framework of poles the openings in this framework are filled with mud which is baked dry in the hot Sun in these homes children help with many household tasks such as putting away the hammocks on which the family sleeps [Music] they grasp that roof protects the mud walls from the heavy rains and provides shade from the hot Sun because the air is warm all year round the women do their work in an open shed protected from the daily rains by a thick grass roof here in these sheds they repair their fishing nets [Music] and cook over open fireplaces [Music] these bored and mud homes seldom last longer than ten years in this damp and hot climate father east in North Africa in an entirely different climate people set up their homes on the hot dry sandy lands of the Sahara Desert these people are nomads nomads move from place to place to find food and water for themselves and their animals their tent homes can be taken down quickly they are made of cloth woven from the hair of camels and goats the cloth is thick enough to protect the nomads from the hot Sun of the day yet warm enough to keep them comfortable during the cool nights their household articles are few the son of the chief carefully packs these precious articles when the family moved a large tent which has been tied into a compact bundle makes a full load or chemical a little child and a small tent is a load for a young camel full-grown camels carry loads up to 500 pounds the nomads must often travel long distances to find new sources of food and water just as other people build homes and ways that are best for them desert people have moveable homes suited to their nomadic way of life when they find fresh pasture with a supply of water nearby they make camp tents are held securely by ropes fastened to stakes because strong winds blow across the desert now do you understand why the nomads tent home is made of cloth which is strong and light enough to be easily carried from place to place [Music] felt mats are rolled out to make a floor for the tent home later a desert family enjoys the warmth of the campfire in a tent home in North Africa to the north in the mountain country of Switzerland families have built homes so beautiful that people in other lands have imitated their design Switzerland is a land of many nationalities here are people who speak German French romance and Italian the homes of each are different in appearance their homes have inscriptions in row match which comes from the old language spoken by the Roman soldiers these mountain homes are made of thick stone to keep out the cold of winter this French sign is in western Switzerland where farm families who raise cattle and horses build beautiful homes in these valleys this sign is in the Italian section here in southern Switzerland homes are built much as they are in northern Italy [Music] in the valleys of the north are the famous mountain chalets built like homes in southern Germany here winters bring heavy snow the homes have thick walls and steep roof in such homes Swiss families live together in comfort and security in northeastern France canals join the rivers of Germany and France over these waterways barges move materials such as coal and iron ore but the barge is also a home Papa Herve and his family like many families around the world lived not on the land but on the water sister Jeanette helps for the family washing little Marie plays on deck as other children might play in a backyard meals are prepared in the living quarters below by mother Herve children of barge families go to school during the winter but spend their summers traveling with their family at noon mother has dinner ready for her family father asks Louis his son to take over the steering someone must always be at the wheel [Music] the other members of the family enjoy their meal in their floating dining room father mother and children enjoy a life that few others can have one that enables the family to be together much of the time while they moved slowly down the canal on their barge home in eastern Asia in the Great Sea Valley of southern China other families also live aboard floating home as in France families live on river boats that carry materials from city to city [Music] the Chinese riverboat home called a sampan has living quarters where the family eats and sleeps [Music] when its cargo has been loaded father-son glow begins the slow heavy work of propelling the sampan to the next city all day long father-son claw works the long or to move the riverboat along little sister gives a helping hand at the end of the day the sampan reaches the City of Canton where thousands of Chinese families live their entire lives on boats now there is time for rest and a simple but good dinner for the whole family in this film we have visited a Chinese family on their san-pan home we have seen desert nomads moved their tents watched Eskimos build an igloo seen small suburban homes and tall city apartments we have learned that around the world home is where mother and father and children live and work together [Music]