ELECTRONICS IN SPACE TRAVEL

[Music] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] space vast Uncharted space man has looked to the heaven since his beginning and wondered is Earth man alone in this great awesome universe if not who else and where the early man stared into the Starry Sky and saw very little at least little that he could understand but each generation had its curious who said I wonder and the results of their wondering were left for the Next Generation to use each Discovery each bit of w wisdom became a stepping stone for those who came after the telescope suddenly thrust man's sight far out into the sea of stars from the knowledge passed down by all the generations before him man began to reason over his universe and from it came more progress but one stepping stone and probably the most amazing of all one responsible for many of the wonders we have today is the Discovery and Mastery of the tiny invisible yet all powerful electron many call it the greatest discovery of the 20th century unlocking the door to some of Mankind's foremost achievements as well as many promising opportunities for young ambitious persons for it is a little electron that has made possible the development of radio television radar the guided rocket the wonderful Machines of the industrial world that operate almost as though they think the guidance of giant airliners and ships at Sea through fog and darkness and many other spectacular developments all of which has led to one of the most interesting varied and expanding fields of opportunity of our time with the near future even more promising now fresh from one Victory after another the electron stands on the threshold of one of its greatest triumphs it is it is the science of electronics that is vital in fact that provides a key to man's coming exploration of outer space it is electronics that is helping to probe the mysteries of the universe beyond that is relaying Vital Information back to Earth it is electronics that will provide guidance in flight and instant two-way communication between all points in our universe it is electronics that will help analyze weigh measure test check and Safeguard man's leap into the unknown it is the miracle of the little electron that will help make possible the bright World of Tomorrow In which space travel can be so much a part of our wonderful way of life yes man is on the threshold the threshold of stepping off into space and finally seeing what he has wondered about for so long scientists have planned the timetable the stepping stones into outer space that can now be foreseen and predicted in fact some of these steps have already been taken no longer is space travel the dream of the science fiction writer unmanned instrument carrying rocket driven missiles have already entered stable orbits around the earth circling our globe just like like the Moon and what does man learn from these Earth circling satellites the science of electronics is teamed with the new science of astronautics making it possible to send knowledge back to Earth for man to evaluate delicate electronic instruments record on tape much data on temperature atmosphere meteorite activity Cosmic radiation and so forth this is relayed back to Earth by radio where it is again recorded on tape and used to help make other steps on space travel possible but more than that such electronically equipped satellites will Aid Man in many ways right here on Earth navigational satellites put in permanent orbit at a height of about 1,000 mil will circle the Earth in approximately 2 hours at this distance a huge silver plastic balloon will reflect sunlight and be clearly seen and recognized or be picked up by radar in any kind of weather and thus be a valuable Aid to ships at Sea airliners or others at any point in the world once the balloon is put into orbit and the exact time it takes to circle the Earth is learned then tables are drawn that tell a navigator his exact position according to the time and day he locates the satellite it has been estimated that in the United States alone each year $2 billion are loss due to faulty weather forecasting this is not the fault of the forecaster for he has reports on only 5% of the Earth's surface at any one time but with a weather bureau satellite 4,000 M out in space equipped with a color television camera about 40% of the Earth can be viewed at one time with complete coverage every hour or so as a result accurate calculations of the weather pattern can be made thanks to electronics the Practical and financial value of a weather satellite can be tremendous imagine a television program or a radio news broadcast that can be beamed more reliably to every place on Earth at the same time television waves which TR travel well only in a straight line can cover about 100 Mil clearly without a relaying station due to the curvature of the Earth but with only three satellite stations orbiting in what is called the 24-hour orbit at about 22,000 mi from the ground a television broadcast can be seen in every inhabited territory on Earth with each station spaced evenly 120° apart above the equator any one station can receive a telecast from Earth and relay it to the other two then all three can beam it back to Earth as fantastic as it all sounds these are things we know now are possible but as one Authority and writer on rocketry and space travel put it it is hard for today's adults who were brought up to think of a trip to the moon as something out of a jwes ver novel to realize that this is not only possible but but certain let's see what the other stepping stones are that scientists have accomplished or have planned in order to make space travel a reality with electronic equipped satellites orbiting the Earth it's just another step to orbit the Moon and other planets and again this step is Possible only with the help of electronics and the many Engineers scientists and trained electronic technicians responsible for Rocket launchings who remain on Earth Manning recording and interpreting the valuable information that is relayed back to them electronically manned singl stage Rockets rising to Heights of several hundred miles and returning to Earth by wings or parachutes such is man's next step and the first look into that space his instruments have told him so much about with this new knowledge it is possible for man to ride multi-stage rockets and enter orbits just outside the atmosphere and after a few revolutions return by rocket breaking and air resistance before we progress any further let's analyze the problem man faces in escaping the pull of the Earth's gravity a good comparison is to think of the earth as being at the bottom of a pit thousands of miles deep the pit being narrow at the bottom with its sides curving outward as it rises much like a funnel the sides are steepest near the Earth where the pull of gravity is the greatest the problem is to climb this hill in order to get out of this pit a rocket must accelerate to what is called escape velocity or 25,000 mph at this rate a rocket will if headed in the right direction Coast out of the pit into space where it can maneuver relatively free of the Earth's gravity one method of doing this is to blast off from Earth and accelerate to the required escape velocity of 25,000 mil per hour the second method of doing it is to do it in two steps the first step consists of so launching a rocket that it will reach a velocity of 18,000 mph and guiding it into an orbit outside the Earth's atmosphere where it will land on a space station previously placed in the same orbit at this point the rocket is not completely out of the pit but is high on the rim where the pull of gravity is less as indicated by the reduced steepness of the sides of the pit in the Second Step a different rocket or space ship is launched from the space platform and accelerated to escape velocity thus driving it out of the pit this second step spaceship is designed for more efficient operation in outer space than was the rocket which left the Earth this brings us to another stepping stone refueling manned multi-stage rockets in free orbit so they can Circle the moon and then return to the Earth orbit now comes the big move Landings on the moon naturally we cannot go into all the details necessary for such a move but the basic plan has been established with our Space Station completed it's possible that the first spaceship to take man to the Moon will be put together not on Earth but at the space station where nearly free of gravity the various parts can be more easily maneuvered and assembled into place the advancements in the science of electronics and its trained technicians will help make such a project possible in fact it will be men and women like you who take training in today's welle equipped technical institutions who will help play an important part in the Fantastic new age of space travel it will be those who are ambitious who have an interest in such things as television and radio who learn how electronic circuits operate how to test adjust service and interpret the results of today's marvelous electronic devices we are fast approaching the time when Man's first space station will be assembled and his first space ship will be ready to take off from that station for the Moon since our ship is already traveling at 18,000 mph which is the orbital speed of the space station it will require only 7,000 mph additional acceleration to reach the speed that will take it over the rim of the Earth's gravity pit and coasting on its way to the Moon 234,000 Mi farther on at 24,000 mi from the Moon it will have slowed down considerably but at this point the gravitational pull of the moon on the ship is stronger than the Earth's and begins to pull the ship toward the Moon it gradually gain speed until it approaches the moon's surface and would crash at a speed of over 5,000 mph Landing therefore becomes a serious problem especially since there is no air resistance on the moon to Aid in the operation not being able to air break or parachute the ship will be turned as if in a vertical takeoff and a rocket blast timed before landing so that the force of the blast will act as a break this will mean that enough fuel for both the landing and the takeoff for the return trip will have to be carried it is possible that the entire operation of the takeoff from the space station the landing on the moon and the return will be automatic and electronically controlled by computers on the ship itself or by radar stations and observatories on Earth sending correcting signals to the automatic pilot by radio up to this point in our story man has only been practicing an Earth's natural satellite the moon now he is ready to explore the mysteries of the planets but all he has done before has been valuable not only can he apply what he has learned in getting to the Moon he may also use the moon as his launching site a sort of fixed built-in space station to serve as headquarters for the next step to our known planets and Beyond It is believed that some of the same elements found on Earth will be found on the moon so a fuel source may be waiting for us somewhat like a huge filling station in the sky one simple comparison proves the value of the Moon as a takeoff point it takes a launching speed of 26,000 mph from the Earth to coast of Venus by the most most economical route but a launching speed of only 7,000 mph is required from the Moon the establishing of a moon base would of course take time and would not be easy perhaps the biggest problem would be artificially creating conditions on the moon similar to Earth's atmosphere so that man could work and live but with nuclear energy powered turbines supplying plenty of electric power air conditioned and temperature controlled structures can be built by space suited workers solar heating equipment can be used to store up heat during the extremely warm Moon day which is equal in length to 14 Earth days to combat the bitter cold of the equally long night the temperature ranges from 212° F above 0 to about 250° below 0 soilis farming would be ideally suited for the moon plants supported on netting over tanks through which vital liquids flow and exposed to the sun in Greenhouse type structures can grow large crops very rapidly pressurized motor vehicles with large balloon tires could explore and work on the moon's surface their Motors would be electric operated by storage batteries or perhaps turbines driven by rocket fuels by fing equipment and technicians from Earth and with the wise use of the elements and materials to be found found on the moon a major moon base for space exploration can be established as an aircraft carrier floating in the Pacific is a common sight now so may the moon as a spaceship base be to Future Generations from this base instrument carrying satellites can set off for Mars or Venus there to Circle in orbit and radio back the needed information for the next big step Mann flights to and landings on the sister planet of our solar system yes man's conquest of space promises to be one of the most thrilling chapters in the history of mankind a chapter made possible to a large extent by the wonderful opportunity field of electronics with its mysterious almost magical power to hurl a signal through space with the speed of light with man's present wisdom and knowledge time money and effort will make space travel not not only possible but certain what thrilling and exciting years lie ahead for those with a knowledge of this fascinating science of electronics the challenge is boundless electronics and exploration of outer space have already formed a close and vital partnership one depends wholly on the other together they form a matchless team a team that can unlock the secrets of the universe and with it will come an expansion of scientific knowledge unparalleled in history what seems impossible to one generation becomes Elementary to the next and when we look back at the last 50 years and see the vast new industries that have developed due to our growing knowledge of electronics and our trained technicians we need only look into the next 50 years to realize that the science of electronics should literally have us out of this world for that is where it's taking us never before in history has there been such a challenge to man as the conquest of space now presents and seldom do we see so much promise of new opportunity just as any football coach after conceiving and plotting his plays needs a full Squad of players on the field to put his plays into action so do the scientists and Engineers need trained technicians to put their plays into action for example a large percent of a modern airliner cost is in its electronic equipment the squad of players needed to follow these electronic parts through from manufacturer to installation and maintenance is tremendous it's becoming even more so with the development of such space travel problems as guidance tracking telemetering measurement Control Data Computing and so forth It's been said often that we are coming into a push button era the days of space travel will truly be that and much more for back of those who push the buttons is this vast multi-billion dollar field of electronics with its great variety of opportunities for properly trained technicians here are interesting careers good paying careers careers with the future increasingly vast amounts of electronic equipment must be designed produced tested in Ed installed operated and maintained for this fantastic new era in which man is entering here are opportunities that exist today in fact behind the spectacular headlines of man's latest Venture into space lies one of the most promising fields of endeavor opportunities that are well within the reach of ambitious young people with the proper Technical Training just as our grandfathers during the steam age and our fathers during the electric age benefited and prospered we and our children can find endless opportunities in the electronic age but we mustn't forget that space travel will provide only a small portion of the opportunities Electronics is opening up the future of Man's Search into space depends to a great extent upon those who are today training for an interesting and profitable career in electronics just as it is known that Electronics is a key to space travel so it is known that the properly trained electronic technician is the one who will help turn this key the young man or woman who wants to keep a breast of the rapid advances in this vast field of electronics may prepare in well equipped technical institutes under the guidance of experienced teachers here the student acquires a good understanding of electronics and develops his practical EXP experience by actually working with many circuits and Commercial devices found in the field for the person unable to leave his home or job effective laboratory type home training is also available learning in Spare Time the student receives up-to-date texts valuable equipment even visual aid training movies following this method he receives a good knowledge of theory and increases his practical skill at a pace suited to his own needs when trained he's ready to take his place on the team that is bringing to reality one of man's oldest dreams conquest of outer space so it is that another of man's unknowns is becoming known another Milestone has been reached a stepping stone that thanks to the help and wonders of electronics is opening up the mysteries of outer space to the Gaze and reasoning of thinking men for the use of all [Music] mankind [Music] l