DESIGNS AGAINST THE SKY

[Music] since Men first gathered together to sell or celebrate there have been fairs come to the fair the ancient call goes out our fair is the New York World's Fair of 1964 65 and whether in miniature or life siize it stands symbolic a Timeless desire to bring together all that is best of what we have to offer and sell and show when man first built structures it was to house him and protect him he was Guided by one need something strong enough to withstand the forces pitted against him through many centuries man's functional shelter was rooted to Earth massive and solid even when he carved into it his aesthetic Concepts but then a metal opened New Horizons steel with its availability and its strength to withstand any onslaught of nature man had more freedom to design the functional the comfortable the athetic allinone today's Fields open yet another another new world a world where the designer can let his creativity soar without limitation a world of sweeping and graceful shapes against the sky providing an exercise both in functional achievement and in aesthetic fulfillment each World's Fair has had its own symbol and symbolizing this fair and its theme of peace through understanding is this 120 ft stainless steel unisphere a remarkable piece of Structural Engineering to determine the stresses involved in its construction the engineers used electronic computers to solve 670 simultaneous equations as with symbols of all world's fairs of recent years the designers decided this to should be steel and stand as a permanent Monument to the fair like fairs themselves as old as history is the theater this is the dis theater designed by lipincott and marges for Johnson's Wax suspended from just six columns this 90t steel-framed creation hovers like a flying saucer just 10 ft above the ground the disc can Nestle an audience of 500 people like the structures that follow it is shown at a stage of construction which permits us to see and admire the ingenious skeleton under the sweeping and soaring [Music] [Applause] [Music] shape to make this dramatic structure visible at a distance the steel columns extend to a height of 87 ft and flare out into huge f shaped petals touching at the edges a feat best accomplished with steel at a first glance how many would guess this extraordinary creation of a designer's mind also to be a theater IBM called in AOS saronin and Associates to design a theater as exciting as the concepts to be shown in it and this is their answer a steel framed ooid or egg four light struct natural steel frames support the Monumental steel ribs reaching 80 ft into the sky giving it an appearance of being balanced in air the entire audience seated in a 12 row balcony which lowers to the ground is hydraulically elevated into the theater inside the egg a concept made a reality by versatile Steel The Familiar Red Umbrella symbol of protection of The Travelers Insurance Company provided the inspiration for Architects KH and Jacobs the building they designed is especially remarkable in the novelty of its steel roof this is composed of two shallow domes 130 ft across one of them inverted so that together they form a clam like shape the ribs are welded steel rising to a compression ring at the top while a belt of galvanized steel cables in tension gir the perimeter of the domes imaginative design reduced the structural weight by 34s here is modern Steel's most exciting gift to designers unlimited freedom of design technique Welton Becket and Associates conceived this vast domed Carousel theater for General Electric in addition to to the requirement for beauty strength novelty and lightness there was another important demand made on its designers it had to be easily dismantled with High salvage value once the fair was over to meet all these criteria steel was chosen the roof is a Lamela Dome formed by two layers of steel pipes creating a spiral web from it corrugated steel decking is suspended the pipes are anchored at the circumference of the Dome on a ring gerder which is set a top sloping steel pipe columns experience with this Lamela Dome portend substantial reduction in the cost of pipe frame structures of this type under it General Electric will show the ways our lives have been changed by electricity and something else that has changed our lives the telephone for the Bell Telephone Pavilion Architects Harrison and abramovitz designed this extraordinary edifice hovering between Earth and Sky supported on just four pylons it is 400 ft long and 200 ft across its midpoint standing 36 ft above the ground Cal Levering into space 65 ft Beyond its pylons and the choice of material again was steel steel with strength to form the trusses and rigid U frames necessary for such a bridge type design again and again the reach in design is into and against the sky functional and aesthetic in every essence but new and bold in concept and new and bold in concept is Walter dorwin teague's design for the Festival of gas a large flat steel framed umbrella roof supported by only two sculptured steel columns this startling structure Catal lever 60 ft Beyond each support providing a maximum of usable space beneath creating an extraordinarily spacious and a effect the General Motors Pavilion covers nearly 3 acres the vast front canopy reaches up 110 ft into the air to form a majestic entrance way steel Against the Sky by sinking the structure 24 ft into the ground its designers have created an edifice that appears to float in its own landscaping at the other end a giant rotunda is roofed by an enormous steel Dome 250 ft across 36 slanting columns support its Outer Edge but in the center one column alone stands in support steel against the sky it could well be called The Motif of this Fair these are the pylons of the Ford Pavilion 64 in all 100 ft High forming a circle 235 ft across the concept and design of Welton beckan Associates uses 3400 tons of steel with imagination to create this rotunda and adjacent exhibit building at our Fair wherever you look new Design Concepts are translated into reality with steel the Tower of light it cannot really be called the building more a complex of geometrical shapes designed by synergetics for electric power and light prefabricated easy to erect the steel framed prisms rise to a height of 80 ft out of the Center Towers search lights cast a 12 billion candle power Beacon into the night sky the design conceived by a Epstein and Suns for Simmons Beauty Rest is simple and comprehensive steel is beautiful let us create a building where the exposed beams girs and framework form part of the beauty and simplicity of the building itself let the stairway of Steel equally be exposed given the concept and the eye steel can be not only beautiful but tranquil space is a word more and more of our day the concept of space the use of space the function of space this design by Architects deer and Richie for the national cash register Pavilion is known as a space [Music] frame supported on three giant pylons it offers a skyborn exhibition Hall of over 9,000 square ft while beneath an extensive use of glass and open Decor give another display area almost equally extensive unusual in [Music] concept exciting to the eye an example of the new concepts of Steel and [Music] space yes this is the Chrysler Pavilion its pre-fabricated steel permits it to be erected rapidly and with a maximum of pre-assembly for economy some of the fair's buildings are permanent built to remain but most are built only for the life of the fair for those with which must come down steel construction promises minimum cost of removal and High salvage value the concept of a federal Pavilion at the fair was important for our international relations the theme challenge to Greatness inspired a design of impressive Simplicity and dignity enabling us to present to the world not a boastful picture of our unparalleled progress but a picture of democracy its Inspirations and its [Music] freedoms this steel framed Pavilion covers more than a city [Music] block designed by Charles Luckman Associates it is supported 18 ft above ground by four supporting columns giving it again an effect of floating in air come to the fair see the minds of designer and architect and engineer soore into these new and ever Bolder [Music] concepts with materials as versatile as his mind the designer's objectives include much more than Form and Function important as they are he strives for dramatic impact for beauty of form and finish to create a specific mood for modernity individuality durability and for Speed of erection and dismantling for possible reuse elsewhere these demanding criteria do not curb his artistic expression instead they challenge it and he is motivated inspired to create today the designs of tomorrow and to achieve his design objectives be it by Canal levered structures or arches domes discs the material he most often selects is steel the most versatile material known to man come to the fair by Road or rail or through this giant steel heliport caliing from a steel ring girder a top four steel Towers come dine in the restaurant suspended below which through the Ingenuity of this Catal Levering technique allows a clear and unobstructed view from its Windows of all the fair come to the fair is still the cry come see the progress of modern man built in creative designs of modern steel against the sky a