COMMUNITY PROBLEM

[Music] somewhere in your own community on some street or back alley this action is probably being duplicated at this moment if efficient sanitary collection of garbage in refu is becoming an accepted part of our American way of life unfortunately the job doesn't end with efficient collection these truckloads of accumulated wastes must be disposed of but where and in what Manner is a community problem the garbage disposal methods most widely used are open dumping hog feeding incineration mechanical [Music] disposal and sanitary landfill probably the most convenient as far as the householder is concerned is by mechanical grinding and release into the sewer system this method effectively removes organic wastes and is considered both safe and sanitary the main disadvantage is that only one portion of household waste is removed tin cans yard refu and Ashes must still be removed by another method another disadvantage is that each home must be equipped with the disposal unit to make the operation 100% [Music] effective some communities dispose of their garbage by feeding it to Hogs this method has in some instances resulted in a slight profit but has been universally condemned by public health authorities feeding areas breed flies and rats and give off objectionable odors more important the consumption of insufficiently cooked pork from garbage fed Hogs is one of the chief sources of human trichinosis other objections are that the householder must make the necessary separation of feed from other wastes and since only the edible garbage can be fed to Hogs the remaining material must still be disposed of in some other manner Municipal incinerators have long been considered the most satisfactory method of disposal of garbage and many types of refuges there are however three main disadvantages to incineration one is the extremely high cost of building the plant another is that the amount of material that can be handled is limited to the size of the incinerator unexpected increases in community growth May overload the plant like many other methods incineration fails to solve the problem presented by non-combustible material ashes and tin cans must still be hauled away for further [Music] disposal the only thing that is ever said in favor of the open dump is its apparent economy the disadvantages however make this method over a period of years the most expensive possible from the standpoint of Community Health open s not only destroy the value of surrounding property but prevent Community expansion in nearby areas more important the open dump is a prolific breeding ground for all manner of diseases flies and rats spread these diseases throughout the community flies are known to spread typhoid fever dentary diarrhea and possibly polio garbage dump rats which multiply by the thousands have been found to spread both m typhus and Wild's [Music] disease for the majority of communities the most satisfactory method of garbage and refu disposal is the sanitary landfill the landfill method consists merely of burying compacting and covering refu on on a big scale it is economical sanitary eliminates flies and rats adds to the value of certain types of property utilizes waste land and disposes of all types of Refuge landfills are constructed by one or more pieces of regular Earth moving equipment the basic tool is a track type tractor equipped with a bulldozer blade two main methods are in general use the trench method consists of a series of trenches which are excavated by the tractor as each truckload of garbage is dumped into the trench it is spread and thoroughly compacted all types are handled including dry trash non-combustible rubbish edible and non-edible garbage in any proportion the weight of the tractor traveling back and forth effectively crushes the tin cans bottles tree limbs and miscellaneous refu into solidly packed layers this packing operation is the most important step in the construction of a proper landfill at the end of the day after all collection trucks have reported in the tractor covers the refuse with Earth forming a permanent protective [Music] layer final compaction of the earth layer seals off the refu from flies and Rats the dangers and nuisances of fire smoke and objectionable odors are eliminated where the land is less level or where low lying land is being utilized the area method is sometimes used no trenches are constructed in this method the refu is spread over a large area compacted and cover material is dozed in from nearby hillsides or brought in by truck [Music] the choice of the method to be used depends generally upon the location of the site its drainage characteristics and the Topography of the [Music] area the choice of equipment to be used will depend upon the method location and number of fills to be constructed many communities use a front-end loader mounted on a track type tractor either hydraulically or cable controlled this tool is ideal for the trench method as it can both dig and haul the cover material the operation is basically the same as when using a bulldozer blade after the trench is dug the refu is Thoroughly spread by the tractor traveling back and forth over the [Music] field with the frontend loader cover material can be hauled from a nearby trench or from stock piles and and at the end of each working day The Fill is effectively sealed and compacted [Music] when the amount of refu is too great to be effectively handled by the tractor alone the four-wheel scraper and the tractor bulldozzer make an ideal combination these units combine large carrying capacity with the ability to haul over longer distances in some larger cities where several separate fills are to be maintained the independent Onan operation of these machines answer the problem [Music] in some instances the tractor bulldozer combination is equipped with a drag line attachment this unit Works to Advantage in swampy low-lying areas where footing is so soft and wet as to make other equipment difficult to operate after the trench is dug by the drag line the bulldozzer is used to spread Compact and cover the fill [Music] in large metropolitan areas the amount of refu to be handled runs into hundreds of truck loads a day thousands of yards of material must be handled an effective combination under these conditions is a self-propelled drag line and a tractor bulldozer the drag line excavates the trench and stockpiles the cover material the tractor bulldozer spreads the garbage compacts it dozes the cover material into position and and finishes off the [Music] field regardless of the size from communities of a few thousand to cities as large as New York there is an equipment set up to do the job The Final Answer to size and type will depend on local conditions the sanitary landfill method of refu disposal provides for yearr round operations heavy tract type Earth moving Machinery is designed to work in all kinds of weather in a well planned efficiently supervised landfill the daily operation is just as effective in Winter as in summer most communities in the cold weather Zone provide for winter operation by digging extra trenches and stockpiling cover material during the late summer and fall of the year when the snowfalls and the surface and subsoil freeze cold weather operation is carried on efficiently and [Music] effectively the one restriction to the sanitary landfill is that it requires additional land this is usually no great problem except in very large cities where Hall distances would be prohibitive the advantages of the land F method are many it permits the collection of both garbage and refu at the same time lowering collection costs it permits the use of disposal sites located closer to populated areas it requires less initial investment than any other acceptable method the yearly operating cost is 1/3 to 1/2 the cost of incen generation it eliminates fire smoke odor and insect nuisances and the health dangers resulting from disease carrying rodents it reclaimed submarginal lands for future Community expansion such as highways ball fields airports parks and playgrounds in many cases The increased value of the land has gone a long way toward meeting the original investment San AR efficient Refuge disposal is a must important both to Public Health standards and Progressive Community expansion the responsibility for sanitary refu disposal falls upon every citizen your local officials can only provide the necessary legislation it takes your support to have this legislation adopted with sanitary landfill you too can turn a community problem into a community playground