COLOR

[Music] imagine the face of nature restrained by monochrome now see it at all its Glory dignity inspiration not a world in black and white but everywhere the multicolor face of nature color it can entertain color it can even save your life [Applause] RCA of 1951 successfully demonstrated to the FCC a 16in compatible color TV tube and in 1953 put the 15-in tube into commercial production today at the David sonof Research Center in Princeton New Jersey color TV research begun in 1930 continues on phosphor keys to brilliant color pictures on your TV screen on new techniques for TV screens looking for improvement inherent in RCA's total investment of over $130 billion in color TV the quest Embraces new magic for the electron gun modern science keeps pioneering for the benefit of modern [Music] manufacturing today from Modern RCA plants this one in Lancaster Pennsylvania flow round and rectangular color TV picture tubes in volume production the surging total is well over a million units a year here another plant in Marian Indiana shares in this remarkable production achievement what's behind this achievement on the 21-in round tube the 25in and 19in rectangulars suppose you look and see first at light emitting phosphors green blue [Music] red the primary colors that come alive in your color TV picture tube here's how from the triple beam electron gun electrons flow to the shadow mask where they pass through tiny apertures and excite the trios of Color phosphor Dots to paint your color TV picture there are four major tube parts face panel Shadow mask funnel electron gun assembly to make the shadow masks thin steel is first coated on both sides with a light sensitive Emulsion aperture pattern is printed and developed on each side the pattern of the aperture is etched out the masks are removed from the roll there are over 330,000 apertures in each 21-in round Shadow mask each mask is inspected for Perfection of apertures the mask is further measured for proper hold diameter about 110,000 of an inch in the 21in round mask visual inspection silhouette of craftsmanship crosssection of an aperture greatly enlarged aperture shape and diameter are critically controlled production flows on the shadow Mass cannot remain flat it must be shaped to its proper Contour here for the rectangular 25in tube typical investment in machine power Personnel power The Masks go on their way to be welded to the mask frame by a unique indexing machine the goal as in all operations is perfect uniformity and top quality the road to quality has many checkpoints including this critical Contour check green is gold to the next main tube component the face panel first incoming inspection for the face panel on which you actually see the color TV picture this equipment verifies the panel's seal Edge at many points automatically precisely then the Contour of the picture surface is checked at more than 100 locations the glass face is also examined for optical blemishes any scratch or Distortion means rejection certified on to screening where the shadow mask and face panel are joined and where the three color screens are [Music] applied the panel is washed tv. clean to receive over 1 million precise precisely positioned dots of phosphor colors the first phosphor is applied here where many steps merge into one a color career is being born the material is called phosphor slurry every aspect of this deposit weight composition volume is rigidly controlled the procedure for the round tubes is duplicated for the rectangulars here is the application to of color TV research dating back to 1930 and Tube Technology refined through the making of millions of many kinds of tubes the shadow mask is oriented into the face panel next the first phosphor dot will be positioned by exposing the sensitized phosphor to an intense Light Beam which passes through each Apert at the same precise angle as will the color Electron Beam this is accomplished on the lighthouse the unexposed material is washed out leaving a DOT pattern the phosphor dots are scrutinized for size shape uniformity of light emission the operations are repeated two more times until for each aperture a trio of dots is form to provide a brighter color picture the new phosphor dots are first covered with a film of acrylic resin and then a thin vaporized coating of pure aluminum Shadow mask and face panel are made a permanent assembly mask and Dot trios locked in proper alignment a tube subassembly is completed the funnel third major part of the tube gets its own rigorous incoming quality inspection these tests include mechanical Dimensions alignment of neck and funnel quality and thickness of glass tress of mating service now at many peripheral points the funnel is question it must have the right answers or it cannot pass this border on its journey to your home following a thorough wash the neck of the funnel is ringed inside with a red high resistance film next a highly conductive black coating the balance of the interior of the funnel is sprayed with its conductive coat of black the two major glass assemblies the coated funnel and the screened face panel are now ready to be joined the bond starts with a sealant called frit this special sealing glass is dispensed to The Mating surface of the funnel at the bulb seal oven the face panel mating surfaces are cleaned and prepared for sealing to the waiting funnels fixtures hold the parts in rigid alignment for the several hour Passage through the oven under intense heat the frit sealant crystallizes forming a vacuum tight high strength Bond electron gun manufacturing as with all two parts begins with material control where all incoming materials are tested with extraordinary care take cathode nickel for example a sample is dimensionally checked and identified for further laboratory [Music] analysis in the chemical and physical Laboratories the sample undergoes spectrographic analysis verifying the exact composition and degree of concentration of All Metals present another guardian of performance the test to determine if carbon and sulfur are within specifications nickel samples are polished for Examination for crystal structure the electron probe analyzer will identify inclusions as a final check on Perfection of material for the Triple electron gun now highlights of the guns making first of its subassemblies the partial gun the merry gound where components of the partial gun are loaded into Precision fixtures and manels close tolerance design and Manufacturing experience are segments of the circle working skills learned through generations of tubes complete the circle of quality another Circle bonding Glass and Metal [Music] fire to lock the partial gun components into one rigid permanent structure inspection is continuous aperture alignment part spacing and angular gun tilt are verified convergence cage Parts another important triple gun subassembly its parts are made of special magnetic material they are assembled to extremely close tolerances the stem to which the partial gun and convergence assemblies are mounted an old and respected art here stem making carried to new heights of perfection by RCA's depth of experience in bonding Glass and [Music] Metal final assembly of the triple electron gun is completed in a pressurized clean room first the heart of the gun the cathode in this special chamber of the clean room it is sprayed with its emissive coating Jewels being selected heaters being inspected they must glow in performance to keep high performance level never ceasing vigilance in the capacitance inspection assemblies are electrically checked for mechanical Dimensions to ensure that every specification is met once more the paral gun is checked for alignment and cathode coating another quality checkpoint to assure good performance and long tube [Music] light gun mount assembly in the pressurized clean room care extreme cleanliness and the delicate touch for precision components all parts of the triple electron gun now become one convergence cage gun and stem are first jigged then welded into an integral [Music] unit final inspection for the complete gun including a check of more than 150 welds it's a manufacturing responsibility and it's an exacting examination but it's not enough quality control inspection independent of production this exemplifies the overall RCA pattern insistence on quality of product and performance the triple electron gun now becomes a permanent part of the tune in this ceiling operation there is Heritage at every turn receiving their gun assemblies are both the round assemblies and the rectangular assemblies the ceiling Flames bringing the triple electron gun closer to its Dynamic role in the color TV picture tube each assembly now becomes a color picture tube tube by being processed in this straight line exhaust machine the oncoming cart a complete pumping unit will carry the tube through the oven where high temperatures will drive contaminating gases from the Glass and Metal Parts while the tube is being pumped down to a near perfect vacuum during this process the cathode is also activated and the stem tubulation is sealed the tube is given its bait and the gatter is flashed it goes on to the Aging conveyor on route to testing in the dark the light of factory testing for every single tube demagnetizing starts a series of critical production tests for purity of color convergence Focus resolution light output efficiency electrical characteristics and for top performance under black and white and color signals in addition quality control makes a continuous sampling test on a daily basis to assure the product meets all specifications application lab Engineers cross-examine sample production tubes in actual TV receivers for performance compatibility unique equipment special inquiry the tube is tested in a controlled magnetic field the electrical characteristics of sample tubes are evaluated on a special engineering recorded reading test scent a permanent record is maintained of all significant criteria of performance important the tube's ability to reproduce color and black and white with equal quality and [Music] Fidelity sample tubes are subjected to Long long-term life tests monitored for their stability of characteristics during a thorough series of Investigations in addition larger samples from each day's production are subject to short-term operation and evaluation by pram which means performance reliability Assurance monitoring constant vigil on quality laminating the safety glass is positioned on the face [Music] panel RCA furnishes color TV picture tubes with or without and an integral filter glass protective [Music] window pressure equipment fills a preset spacing between the face panel and the protective window with clear plastic nearing the end of several hundred major operations and coming to conveyor end the last production electrical test and visual inspection before packaging but each production lot is retained in shipping for a predetermined time and then a quality control sample must once more satisfy demanding production standards only then is the production lot released to manufacturers of color TV receivers in Progressive TV set manufacturing plants each tube becomes the heart of a great achievement the compatible color TV receiver RCA's progress in color TV since 1930 in research materials product design and development and Manufacturing has created new opportunities at home and abroad with tubes of known quality and performance the 21 in 25 in and 19 in these are the tubes that bring to your home the Beautiful World of [Music] color