AV Geeks 16mm 3-20-2024

e for for in is all for that oh wow man I'm sorry so sorry um yeah uh basically I ran to use the bathroom and then I got into a conversation about St storage units and um lost track of time did not set the timer like I I normally do to tell me like hey you need to run back so I apologize for that um I was shaking hands with danger um anyways I'm skip Alzheimer welcome to the avgeeks lunchtime streaming show and when we're paying attention we actually show you old 16mm films that we've been scanning or we have in our collection and that was uh silent footage of plant nutrients um cornet film we have another cornet film here uh holidays your neighbors celebrate which ones did they miss let's find out hey and uh I'm using a new microphone is how is it is it good um let me know enjoy [Music] the 4th of July is a holiday we all celebrate in America when on July 4th of course during the 12 months of the year there are many holidays that we all celebrate but because there are many different kinds of people in our country sometimes your neighbors May celebrate holidays that are different from the ones you celebrate the year begins with a holiday January 1st is New Year's Day but some Americans also have New Year celebrations at another time Americans whose families came from China celebrate the new year later some time in January or February there's always a dragon or lion in a Chinese New Year's [Music] [Laughter] parade firecrackers are part of the celebration too the Chinese invented them long before the United States became a country the Chinese new year is celebrated at about the same time as the new year most of us celebrate but many Americans who are Jewish also celebrate a new year holiday around September the Jewish New Year in temples and synagogues the holiday begins with the blowing of a Ram's Horn the holiday lasts 10 days at the beginning and at the end of the holiday Jewish children go to their temples or synagogues with their [Music] parents there they celebrate the coming of the Jewish New Year they think about what they did during the past year and what they'd like to do better the next year so we celebrate the New Year in different ways in America some holidays that we celebrate honor special people in February you know whose birthday we celebrate Washington's [Music] birthday in March many Americans also honor someone who wasn't [Music] American [Music] this is a St Patrick's Day Parade St Patrick is Ireland's beloved Saint and St Patrick's Day is Ireland's greatest holiday people whose families came from Ireland were the first ones to celebrate this holiday in America today St Patrick's Day is celebrated by Americans whose families came from all parts of the world people wear green on St Patrick's Day Green in Ireland's flag stands for the southern part of Ireland the Little Shamrock with three leaves is Ireland's emblem St Patrick used it to teach about the three parts of the [Music] Trinity people in different parts of our country country honor other important men during the year people honor Abraham Lincoln and Robert E Lee and Martin Luther King so there are holidays that honor important people during the year some holidays come near the beginning of certain seasons one holiday comes on a Sunday soon after the first day of spring [Music] Easter is celebrated by Christians everywhere Christians whose families came from Greece May celebrate Easter one or a few weeks later than other [Music] Christians a special part of the Greek Church's Easter celebration takes place at night candles are lit inside the church then carried outside and around the church in a special [Music] ceremony another season of the year when there are holidays is winter in December one of the favorite holidays of children is celebrated it's Christmas of course some Americans have special ways of celebrating [Music] Christmas for some Americans whose families came from Mexico or other Latin American countries a part of Christmas fun is the pinata a Pata can have any shape this one looks like a little donkey a Piata is made of paper mâché and filled with candies and cookies and presents for the children the children take turns being blindfolded and try to break the pinata with a stick and when the pinata gets hit and breaks then the fun really [Music] starts about a week after Christmas Americans from Puerto Rico Celebrate Three King's Day [Music] this is a celebration of the day the three wise men brought presents to the Infant Jesus the children fill a box with straw and put it beside their bed the straw is for the camels the three kings rode [Music] on and the next [Music] morning the next morning the straw is gone and there are presents for the [Music] children [Music] but not everyone in America celebrates Christmas at the same time of the year when Christmas is celebrated Jewish children are celebrating Hanukkah on each one of the eight days of Hanukkah the children get a [Music] gift they also light candles at sundown each day of the holiday Hanukkah celebrates a time very long ago when Jews won back the freedom to worship in their own way we celebrate many holidays in many different ways in America that's because Americans have come from all parts of the world and brought their holidays with them so sometimes your neighbors celebrate holidays that are different different from yours when you understand these holidays it helps you know more about your neighbors and how they live [Music] okay uh does it sound like I'm in a a well right now let me shut the door hold on what do you think is it better uh let me know in the comments um it's better you sound distant um I'm right here but it could be I turn up the microphone some it's all right okay it's you know it's new microphone trying some stuff so we'll see all right turn up the Reverb yeah turn on the phaser all right so behind me I have a film scanner uh and we are going to watch a film called uh what is it Jose and his family [Music] um yeah enjoy [Music] finally I'm going to meet my mother Spanish family until now it was just letters and photographs the invitation Uncle aluro and Cousin Maria sent me made me feel part of the family already I'll stay in the city just one week then visit my grandfather in a small village in Galia on the western edge of Spain years ago my grandfather left Spain and came to Mexico in search of work that's how his older daughter my mother married a Mexican his other daughter Carmen returned to Spain and married Uncle aluro I can't wait to meet her and my younger cousin HMA and Juanito in the last picture I saw they were still small [Music] [Music] children [Music] what a surprise to hear that HMA is already 14 and Juanito 12 Maria tells me that they are both in elementary school here called educal Bas it has eight grades it's different in Mexico we call it primary school and it has six grades she tells me that himma is in the eighth grade and hopes to pass two difficult exams which will allow her to go to the university AA what a welcome an caran has prepared for me the most Spanish dish my mother often talks about it and now I'm going to taste it andman wonders if my mother still makes aaya in Mexico sorry but she doesn't it's too expensive especially camaron these are not camarones Uncle aluro says they're Calas in castian Spanish large shrimps are called Calas so many new words if weren't for all these new words I know exactly what they're saying HMA wants to know if there is a dish similar to paa in Mexico not really but we do have a rice dish reddish in color from Tomatoes it contains chich oops they don't know this Mexican word for garbanzo beans they call it ganes in castian Spanish I also try to describe Mo which we serve as a sauce it is a mixture of seven different kinds of Chili Peppers chocolate AI another word they don't know I never really thought much about the small differences between Castilian or Mexican Spanish we understand each other most of the time as we talk about different foods I find that I call River crabs hias they call them conos I love the way it sounds when they talk to each other the whole family seems so close the campus of the new University of Madrid is spread out on the edge of the city this morning Maria invited me to come and meet some of her friends I do want to see the college maybe I'll come back to Madrid to study to learn more castan Spanish to discover more about my own Roots Eva an Christina [Laughter] one of Maria's friends tells a joke the L I don't get this joke at all I guess it's another difference in our language and maybe the difference is in the way Spaniards and Mexicans look at [Music] things I hope Ugo and Danielle will become my friends also Maria tells me that she and her friends feel they belong to a new Spanish generation which is free from old prejudices they seem relaxed and friendly to me so they asked me and Maria to come with them to their favorite [Music] [Music] Cafe here there is more joking and kiding around [Music] find that Maria is much more attractive in person than in any other her photographs in Mexico we call her weita she doesn't understand the meaning of weita I explain that in Mexico we call a light-haired lighted Rosy cheek girl like her aita Maria is flattered but says that we Mexicans are inclined to be machistas in her opinion we tend to treat women as nice things to have around a kind of a decoration preferably attractive but that's all I disagree I think that all men Mexican or Spanish admire a beautiful woman Maria sists that her generation of Spanish women want to be more than just those pretty creatures they want to be appreciated for more than just looks Danielle feels that she has a point and proposes a [Music] truce one morning I find Maria calling Grand father you should hear her trying to sell him on the idea of a visit to Madrid with me when I returned from Galicia it's been a long time since his last visit reminds him that he always wanted to see the Roman aqueduct in Segovia which I too have not seen perhaps we can go together besides Madrid has changed a lot since his last visit she tells him there are more beautiful parks to rest in and enjoy a cup of coffee with the family especially on the Castellano Boulevard which he used to enjoy so much and then there is his favorite Plaza mayor he will be surprised to see how it has been restored but it still retains its old charm it is full of cafes with painters and visitors from all over the world she will not take no for an answer today I'm on my way to visit grandfather he is a very special person because in Spain people still honor the patriarch the oldest member of the family and Carmen reminds me not to forget Maria's invitation to grandfather to visit Madrid she is sure that it will do him good I gladly promised to do my best and then I suggest that they start thinking of a trip to Mexico and Carman assures me that they will discuss it seriously [Applause] garos a Galician Village on the Atlantic coast where grandfather lives he said say I am old my boy truly old and I love this land I understand him grandfather still has fond memories of Mexico but this is where he belongs and it is here where I finally begin to understand the background of my mother's family whose roots go deep into the past I begin to appreciate these hardworking people especially the women who are often left alone when their husbands s to find work far away from home you are right says grandfather these women work very hard here they may not have much of an education but they know how to survive I am amazed to learn that this woman is 82 years old but still gets up every morning with the sun and works in the fields growing corn potatoes onions and [Music] garlic Spanish grandfather Mexican grandson it's good to get to know each other my grandfather points out to me what binds us besides blood is a Common Language and the cultural characteristics that are shared by all Spanish speaking people in [Music] general my dear family it has been wonderful to meet my Spanish relatives Maria has introduced me to her school friends I think they accept me on Mother's Day I went with her to buy a present for an Hugo and Danielle tagged along and they too bought presents for their [Music] mothers one week and Maria drove me to Avila I will have to tell you a lot about this ancient city was very disappointed because of the weather Spain is supposed to be the land of sunshine but the rain didn't matter I was still having a good time I went to the market with Maria you should see the fruits and vegetables and the fish stands with many different kinds of fish and seafood another day in Madrid we went to pick up the two younger cousins anman worries about them walking home alone because they have to cross a busy and wide Street [Music] later we went to the amusement park and had lots of fun it reminds me of AR it gave me the one opportunity to treat all the cousins they never allow me to spend even a Peta I will miss my Spanish relatives mother now maybe I can say that your native country is also mine grandfather has introduced me to Bolivian family who moved to Galia 6 years ago he is a doctor strangely enough they don't want to return to Bolivia they love it in [Music] Spain by now grandfather feels that I have begun to know a little bit about your country and a small part of Spain he has given me a deeper understanding of this land that once sent out adventurous men to discover a new world and bring with them their values their culture their language and their religion I'll come home hoping to return to Spain sometime I never really felt like a stranger here even though the the ocean separates our two countries the language the customs and the spirit of the people seem to bind us [Music] [Applause] [Music] together [Music] so that's interesting um Milan Herzog uh was a educational filmmaker and did most of his work for encyclopedia branica so it's interesting that that was actually distributed by bar um let's see what we got Let's uh learn how Maps add meaning to history enjoy with the finest ships and seamen of the time the nation of Phoenicia became a great sea trading power Phoenicians carried articles produced by the Egyptians and the Babylonians facts facts from history books about the ancient nation of Phoenicia we can pull these facts together give them more meaning by looking at a map showing where phoa was a historical map shows us phoa at the Eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea its location bordering the sea helps us understand why the Phoenicians were active in Sea trade if we look Inland once again we see that Phoenicia was located between Egypt and Babylonia it's not not surprising that goods from both of these countries were sent to this seafaring Nation to be traded by the Phoenicians the ancient Romans made their impact in other ways history books tell us of the power of Roman armies the quality of Roman roads the magnificence of Roman architecture and the fairness of Roman laws this gives us an idea of Roman accomplishments but how much more complete our picture becomes with a map showing the boundaries of the Roman Empire it's helpful to compare a historical map with a present day map of the same area these maps are drawn to different scales the present day map of the Mediterranean area is larger than the historical map of the same area but in your mind you can think of this map as being larger and this one as being somewhat smaller to make a comparison the Roman Empire included an area now occupied by dozens of nations of Europe Africa and Asia political maps add meaning to the places we read about in history but we also study particular events the Voyages of Columbus for instance history books tell us that Columbus discovered the new world but what part of the new world let's look at a map showing Columbus's Explorations a key on the map shows four lines which stand for his four voyages on his first voyage all Columbus found were a couple of large islands his second voyage took him to other parts of these islands it wasn't until his third voyage that he touched a continent South America on his fourth voyage he found part of Central America he never did see North America we get a clear picture of Columbus's discoveries from the map here's a map of North America drawn 150 years after Columbus notice the blank space people didn't know if this area was land or water from what had been explored of the new world at the time it was hard to know notice also that these waterways are open did they end a little farther Inland or did they continue through to the Pacific Ocean to India this map helps us understand why why many voyages of exploration were launched during the 16th and 17th centuries why men such as John kith jacqu Cartier and Henry Hudson sailed their ships into waterways opening into the Atlantic they were looking for a shortcut to Asia here's a map of North and South America showing the route ships followed in 1900 between New York and San Francisco all the way around the tip of South America can you see how this might add meaning to an event such as the construction of the Panama Canal the map shows how much shorter the route is for ships passing through the canal across the ismos of Panama sometimes history becomes more meaningful with the help of physical maps seeing the mountain ranges in eastern North America for instance helps us understand an event in the life of Daniel bu this painting portrays the time he led the settlers through the Cumberland Gap into Kentucky considered an important event but why the Appalachian Mountains form a barrier between the Atlantic coast and the central plains it was difficult for settlers to find their way through Daniel Boone showed the newcomers a trail that led through the Cumberland Gap opening the way for settlement of the central plains of North America events in African history can also be made more meaningful with the help of maps but rather than using physical maps we will look at some political maps of Africa these show the results of events taking place over a period of about a 100 years in 1880 we see that small parts of the continent were controlled by Foreign peoples the key shows who the rulers were Turkish Portuguese British and French each symbol corresponds to a different part of the map by 1891 one there were more rulers and more of the continent was under foreign control by 1914 almost all of Africa was ruled by foreign countries by 1957 however the pattern had begun to change independent countries were forming this change was very rapid 6 years later in 1963 most of Africa was made up of independent states significant political changes clarified by Maps another kind of map that can help us learn about changes is one showing population this one shows the population density in the United States in 1840 the legend tells us that the denser the pattern on the map the greater the number of people in an area in 1840 most of the people of the United States were in the East the West was pretty much unsettled there were less than two people per square mile of land in 1840 but by 1850 just 10 years later in the area of California there was a high concentration of people seeing this rapid change in population helps us understand the importance of an event that took place in 1848 gold being discovered in California the discovery of gold was important not only for the money involved but for the population increase it helped create in the Far West sometimes it's helpful to examine population changes over a longer period notice that in 1870 most of the people in the United States lived in the eastern half of the country the people were spread out fairly evenly over this area but looking at later Maps 20 years apart we see how the population began to grow and cluster more and more people began living closer and closer together we get a picture of growth from a country of farmers living apart from one another to a country of City dwellers living close together changes in history are made more meaningful with the help of maps maps help us understand particular events they help us understand how physical features of the Earth influence events physical maps population maps political maps these are just a few of the many kinds of maps we use to add meaning to [Music] [Applause] history thank you cornette for that bunch bunch of panning across illustrations and maps and occasionally an arrow uh let's see uh what do we got um Apollo 4 Mission I haven't shown a NASA film in quite a while so we're back enjoy [Music] the Apollo 4 Mission unmanned first flight for Apollo Saturn 5 space vehicle for the man lunar Mission launched into Earth orbit on November 9th 1967 the Apollo Saturn 5 stands as high as a 36-story building and weighs more than a US Navy destroyer its Earth orbital payload is 10 tons greater than John Glenn's entire Mercury Atlas space vehicle of 1962 it is moved from the most voluminous building in the world the most massive mobile equipment ever built [Music] it is watched over in the greatest detail by one of thex arrays of facilities ever [Music] constructed it answers to a world encircling chain of electronic eyes and [Music] ears and flies the course dictated by the the greatest computer capability [Music] known altogether the space vehicle the facilities is the technological team in short our Mann lunar Mission capability constitutes the creation of some 400,000 [Music] Americans we had chosen to launch the entire space vehicle in the first mission rather than follow the step-by-step approach of earlier programs looking at an illustration of our Earth as it would be viewed from high above the North Pole we may see the planned course of Apollo 4 two circular orbits and one elliptical orbit in addition to the liftoff from the Kennedy Space Center the first second and third stage Burns and insertion into circular orbit high points of the mission were to include the reignition of the Saturn 5 s4b third stage over the Western Atlantic the first spacecraft propulsion system burn over the Eastern Atlantic the more than 11,000 M Peak altitude of the elliptical orbit to be reached over the Indian Ocean the Second and longest spacecraft propulsion system burn over the Western Pacific then the re-entry and finally The Landing in the Pacific a few hundred miles Northwest of Hawaii during the 25,000 mph entry into the Earth's atmosphere the spacecraft will as in the lunar Mission be guided along a roller coaster like flight path heating as it encounters the atmosphere cooling as it climbs back toward space reheating as it again plunges into the atmosphere for the final descent countdown for launch was initiated at the Kennedy Space Center at 6 a.m. November 7th 1967 with liftoff scheduled to occur precisely 49 hours later almost inexorably launch operations moved forward minor problems were encountered but readily solved although Apollo 4 was tested more persistently than any previous American space vehicle there were no indications of system malfunctions the delays so familiar to us in the early missions of previous programs simply did not occur almost exactly at the planned instant the Saturn 5 [Music] ignited [Music] Apollo 4 lifted off at 1 second after 7:00 November 9th 1967 with its first stage delivering 7 and 1 12 million PB of thrust 2 minutes and 32 seconds later just as scheduled the first stage burned out and separated having consumed 4 and 1 12 million PBS of fuel the separation and second stage ignition were also recorded by cameras carried on board the vehicle at this point some 40 Mi above the [Music] Earth [Music] Additionally the camera gave Engineers a close up look at another event the separation of the interstage structure this was of critical importance because clearances were extremely small between the structure and the engines for more than 6 minutes the second stage which had been a source of major development problems performed perfectly hurtling Apollo 4 to an altitude of more than 100 [Music] Mil like the first stage the second stage cut off and separated almost exactly on schedule the third stage ignited and inserted Apollo 4 into a circular orbit where it would remain for some 3 hours in slightly more than 11 minutes Apollo 4 had proven out Saturn 5 stages that had required years to develop but the mission was far from over for now the orbiting Apollo 4 had to be checked out remotely in anticipation of the next series of events and ground support facilities had to be evaluated in addition flight controllers had to prepare the third stage for its first reignition in space a capability which must be proven for the Apollo lunar Mission near the end of this time one of the few irregularities of the entire floit occurred when data suggested that a valve on the Saturn 5 third stage had not closed as planned for reignition but at this point technical skill paid off the flight controllers quickly revised the pre-ignition sequence to compensate for the potential problem and the third stage was fired as scheduled propelling Apollo 4 into the elliptical orbit 5 minutes and 25 seconds later the stage shut down Saturn 5 whose guidance computer had made over 300 million calculations since liftoff had placed the spacecraft on course the third stage and a test model of the spacecraft lunar module fell away the launch vehicle had done its job a few moments later the spacecraft's OWN propul system ignited and burned for 16 [Music] seconds giving the spacecraft the velocity necessary to reach its peak altitude of more than 11,000 M the spacecraft was oriented so its heat shield was shaded from the Sun soaking in a temperature 150 to 200° below zero the contrast between this temperature and the extremely high temperature of re-entry would put the spacecraft heat shield to an especially severe [Music] test as Apollo 4 climbed toward its peak altitude a camera pointed out a spacecraft window gave us a preview of what a future Apollo command pilot will see of our planet these photographs were selected from a series shot every 11.4 seconds during a 2hour and 12 minute period as the Earth passed into in front of the spacecraft window Apollo 4 reached its greatest altitude 11,232 Mi above the Indian Ocean at 5 hours 46 minutes 48 seconds after [Music] liftoff and began its descent to Earth responding to the pull of gravity increasing in velocity as if it were speeding down a Long Hill some 2 hours and 20 minutes later the spacecraft propulsion system again ignited burning this time for 4 and 1/2 minutes this burn accelerated the spacecraft toward a re-entry into the atmosphere at 25,000 mph the speed anticipated for the Apollo lunar Mission re-entry the spacecraft Command Module which would contain the flight crew in a man mission was separated then oriented with its heat shield forward at some 8 hours and 20 minutes after liftoff Apollo 4 re-entered the Earth's atmosphere [Music] temperatures on the heat shield which was less than 3 in thick soon reached 5,000 de F this was 1,000° hotter than the Launchpad flame bucket when Apollo 4 lifted off yet the temperature inside the Command Module never exceeded [Music] 70° could we have seen the actual Command Module following its roller coaster path toward Earth it would have resembled a meteorite from [Music] space The Command Module splashed into the Pacific Ocean within sight of its recovery ship the USS [Music] Bennington although charred the 5 and 1/2 ton Command Module like the entire 3,000 ton Apollo Saturn 5 had passed the test further the world encircling chain of ground facilities and the launch and flight teams had proven equal to the task some 8 and 1 A2 hours after Apollo 4 roared off the Launchpad at the Kennedy Space Center the mission Drew to a close and the nation could take new pride in her technology and a new confidence in her future that was the Triumph of Apollo 4 I'd love me some NASA footage um I like there's you know highlights so each Mission had a series of highlights um that they released to the press and to the public so that you could say that we're getting the word out about what we spent your tax dollars on and um beautiful thing of Animation there's a lot of pre- Apollo footage where it's all these this interesting kind of 60s animation uh and great uh soundtracks but this was a nice mix uh what is also interesting is I digitized a bunch of stuff a bunch of uh space shuttle missions and um they have the recap that they do like a press conference recap where they show footage then each Mission had an educational component so they would shoot stuff and they would do experiments um and then they would put together these packaged like a series uh about space science and about science in general biology um astronomy uh physics a variety of different things and then that would be released uh and shown on the national Channel and also be released to schools and things like that so your tax dollars at work um thanks for tuning in today um sorry old radios about your um shipment being destroyed it's very frustrating I've been there man you do this long enough um shippers do horrible things and also people who uh pack up things for shipping do horrible things packing peanuts are our scourge we hate packing peanuts do not use packing peanuts if you do put them in a plastic like grocery bag and seal it so they don't get all in everything and then pour out that's the way that we repurpose we don't throw them out but we repurpose them by putting them in an enclosed thing so they don't go everywhere um if you like what you saw hit the thumbs up hit the like button those are great ways to support us um I'm weighing the possibility of getting a fifth storage unit um we're beginning to kind of think about like maybe some renovation work here um and what that's going to look like um I'll keep you posted because there will be opportunities to give us more money to buy shelving or do other things and we might have to relocate at some point um depending on how things go um but thanks so much hit the thumbs up hit the like if you like what you saw you know you can certainly donate via the kfi.com avgeeks or patreon.com avgeeks we're also adding a bunch of videos to YouTube uh so that we can get bolster our numbers um because YouTube's like you're not adding as many videos as you used to so add more so we got a bunch we're adding um but thanks and we will see you what is it uh tomorrow is Thursday yeah we'll see you tomorrow bye everybody and enjoy the rest of your day take care