ALL ABOUT NEW YORK

[Music] [Music] the sovereign state of New York is many things it's the gleaming spots of mminton rising through the mists of Twilight it's a fishermen surf casting off Montauk Point it's high above the cats go to Washington Irving's legendary Rip Van Winkle hunted squirrels drank of a potent brew and slept for 20 years it can be Coney Island on a Sunday afternoon with a million and a half people on the beach countin it can be workman at Niagara making way for better tomorrow's it can be the thrill of bobsledding at Lake Placid the construction of a new carrier at Brooklyn Navy Yard a visit to the United Nations New York Kelly all of these it can be the memory of the campus far above Cayugas waters the excitement of a gay evening in Times Square an afternoon in the country yes New York can be many things and escape from boredom the joy of competition the happy reflection we gain from a study of its history our first acquaintance with the explorations of henry hudson and samuel de champlain in the summer of 1609 Hudson and Champlain led expeditions that had much to do with the future of America and particularly of New York State Henry Hudson was an English captain in the service of a Dutch company he sailed his small ship [Music] retracing Hudson's entrance into New York Harbor by air we get some slight idea of the emotions that must have been his when he first sighted the shore of what he came to know as Manhattan this is a very good land to fall with it is pleasant with breath and flowers and goodly trees has ever seen - Henry Hudson his Manhattan was a land of promise how prophetic his words these 350 years later what excitement would fill his mind if he were to see the forest of tall buildings that replaced his forest of trees what astonishment would be is if he could behold the transitions that made his River into the world's largest channel of Commerce pleasant memories these of an honored Explorer and pleasant to the memories that enveloped Lake Champlain as it might have appeared to the famous French explorer after whom it is named Champlain discovered this beautiful lake in the same summer of 1609 in fact his expedition moving southward and out of Hudson's at its northernmost Anchorage were but a hundred miles apart on a bluff above the lake stands for Ticonderoga an embattled site of history near which Champlain fought and defeated the Iroquois Indians a victory that lost to France the friendship of this powerful tribe of warriors Ticonderoga was to be the center of memorable battles that swirled about its staunch fortifications here and at Fort Niagara the flags of France Great Britain and the United States flying in the breeze of freedom marked these battlegrounds of history Hudson and Champlain will not be forgotten nor will Giovanni da Verrazzano courageous Italian Explorer in April of 1524 Verrazano on a voyage of exploration sighted New York Harbor and drew a map of what he called its great quiet mouth River a valiant explorer Verrazano and destined with Hudson and Champlain to be an inseparable part of New York's beginning as are the men and women who followed in the early years of discovery we will trade along the Hudson in the wilderness and cold and the ship shall crowd the harbor with our fortunes in their hold to the dark side from the farmland to the new world from the old they're rude settlements became villages villages became towns towns became cities and with the growth came the need for faster and better transportation of people and goods the need was answered when the Erie Canal running from Buffalo to Albany was completed in 1825 it opened new avenues of prosperity bringing the harvests of the fertile western states to Eastern markets and transporting to the West the flood of European immigration that sought new hope and new homes in its fast-growing area we're coming into port again take a good strong pull to push us in and one more trip and back we'll go through spaceship art blot hard rock [Music] way to bubble a few years after the Erie Canal came the first railroad the Mohawk and Hudson running from Schenectady to Albany they're starting up the engine she soon begin to pop the passengers are ready poor they've waited long enough goodbye to friends and strangers it's time to take the trail good luck through all the dangers on the fearful trip by rail on the Mohawk and Hudson when the whistle sounds of last it's Holabird skinning today we're set to go at last we'll race the bus the country across the changing scene from Albany to Schenectady at all points in between at all points in between there weren't money in those days the countryside was quiet but with the passing years came increasing transportation increasing sources of power increasing need of products industry began [Music] Manufacturing communities came into being they dotted the Turnpike's the canals the river ways across the state small factories grew to larger ones and successively to vast industrial centers manufacturing tremendous quantities of products as these factories increased in number the need for people to work them grew rapidly craftsmen came from countries across the world to apply their traditional skills among them the rug makers that came to Amsterdam and brought their exceptional talents to the manufacture of carpeting silverware is manufactured at Oneida in the central Mohawk Valley and it came about through a group of industrious people who saw New York as their place of opportunity and migrated there today the products of their community grace households across the land beauty of product is also found in corny a name synonymous with glassmaking here is an industry that manufactures glass for every function and purpose from assembly operations to the ancient forms of the art which are still being practiced here visitors can see craftsmen fashioning intricate designs unmatch las' crystal many artificial gives estate all will one day become heirlooms the beginning days of new york's clothing industry have been all but forgotten in the phenomenal growth it has attained when one considers its size and scope the difficulty of picturing all of its activities becomes understandable but the facts are that New York produces almost 5 billion dollars worth of wearing apparel a year that's more than enough to clothe 2 out of every 5 persons in the United States and you can count in that total but top quality gloves made in Johnstown and Gloversville in colonial times gloves were made from deerskin supplied by trappers today they're not only manufactured from a variety of fine skins but from Cotton's silks and fabrics undreamed-of by the colonial glove makers dresses New York designs themselves more of them than any place on earth and the excellence of their design is comparable to the dress creations from Paris and Rome in fact New York City has joined them in becoming one of the fashion centers of the world it is evident in the increasing number of discriminating buyers that come to its market New York is understandably proud of the products that flow from its factories proud of their quality but even more of the workmanship that makes them possible it takes many years of know-how and flawless teamwork to cook a batch of molten glass this batch may go to make the brilliant prisms in the periscope of a submarine or the jewel cut lenses whose microscopic eyes will peer into the world of research in Seneca Falls there is a manufacturing company that turns out a huge quantity of tubes for television use this plant is one of the largest of its kind and in addition to the tubes designed for entertainment purposes they make a wide variety of cathode ray tubes for military industrial and commercial applications [Music] chemita Harry and the Mohawk tongue means the kettle that washes itself and appropriately enough Canajoharie is the location of this modern food processing plant [Music] here among many kinds of food fruit is processed and it's a matter of pride that the orchards of New York bearing fruit comparable to the finest grown anywhere provide the manufacturer with a quality product that is to be found on the shelves of every supermarket in the country in Rochester a famed inventor created an entirely new industry when he introduced his camera to the world the photographic equipment he manufactured and sold became a household word in every language that is spoken its success brought employment to many thousands of workers and the resultant benefits that came from their employment that's the happy part of employment what it means to the worker and what it means to the community where he or she is working people are the key note to industrial success no matter what the product or where the point of manufacturer people keep New York's industrial machine turning they take steel and copper from the state's rolling mills and change it into high-quality kitchenware that catches the eye of shopping housewives they cure the leather that will go into the gloves and the shoes and the luggage that come from other factories in the state it takes people with special training to produce the equipment that goes into the nation's telephone system and people to operate a communications network that embraces every hand a system handling forty million phone calls daily to every corner of the nation and carrying telephone and telegraph messages around the world by cable and radio relay a system that supplies the circuits which carried urgent messages of defense for the vast air sea and land warning network that protects our country this is the system that enables the eastern air defense force with headquarters at Newburgh to guard millions of citizens in over half the nation it is interesting to know that New Yorkers build many of the planes that are in our first line of defense in fact more planes are manufactured here than in any other state say one and in the young and exciting field of electronics New York workers have come to the fore their nimble fingers trusts electronic circuits their skilled hands solder complicated patterns of wiring and build the myriad pieces of electronic equipment that are revolutionizing modern industry such as the UNIVAC the astonishing electronic computer that is doing so remarkable a job in national defense and in the business world its possibilities and those of the IBM electronic wonders in their growing applications to industry are beyond estimate multiply these manufacturing operations a thousand times and it's understandable why New York became the industrial leader of the nation it's better than 50,000 plants use more electrical power and employ more people than any other state over two million they pay them more wages and salaries than any other state over nine billion dollars a year name products that range all the way from the tiny parts of complicated electronic equipment to gigantic steam turbines turbines to supply power turbines for expanding industry turbines destined for the near and far away places that buy them but by the countless products of New York State that are shipped to market [Music] to market by way of the 6700 miles of New York railroads that annually handle better than 100 million tons of freight to market on fleets of trucks rolling night and day over at 73,000 miles of paved highway to market on cargo ships sailing to the seaports of the world products earmarked for distant lands and shipped from the country's number-one trading post the Port of New York to market by planes that fly in and out of the 242 airports that are available across the state one of them New York International Airport is the largest in the world with planes arriving and leaving around the clock for every point on the globe all these help to create the image of New York the New York of busy waterfronts of sidewalk marketplaces the New York of exciting tempo of crowded streets this they read about they know the New York that is the hub of the theatrical world the New York of Lights of hopes and dreams the New York that is a summer festival for millions of tourists they know the New York of finance the investment center of the world with 86 percent of the nation's securities traded on its New York Stock Exchange and another 7% handled on its American Stock Exchange they know of New York's 588 banks with resources of 65 billion dollars of its 445 insurance companies that do nearly 1/3 of all the insurance business in the country of Manhattan's towering office buildings that serve as the headquarters and management center for industries operating all over the world of its great museums of art of natural history of medieval culture of its magnificent library system of its majestic skyline is they know and have read about these have created the public image of New York and they're right it's everything they say but there's another side agriculture of New York's nearly 50 thousand square miles almost half of it is in farmland New York Maine's apples in the friendly fertile soil of the Hudson Valley you'll find hundreds of orchards bearing such famous American apples as Baldwin's wine saps northern spies and king of them all machan touch one of the finest eating apples in the life they grow a great abundance of fruit here box them right here on the farm and off they go to market and those wonderful New York grapes along the lovely shores of our Finger Lakes in the valley of the Hudson there are vineyards whose grapes rival those of Old Europe Iona's Delawares and Catawbas Rieslings and Oh virus grapes whose delightful bouquet make the wines of New York desirable to the Nadine gourmet and it may surprise some dnal that of all the 50 states in the Union New York ranks second in dairy production there are many hundreds of dairy farms across the state most of them individually owned an operator and in many instances dairy products supply an added source of income to the farmer raising special crops like what you may as well New York farmers top the nation in the growing of onions buckwheat and cabbages and they're among the top four states in vegetable production that's quite a record for a state regarded as the outstanding leader in finance industry and commerce which it is of course but New York is proud to of the fact that not far from downtown Brooklyn and it's busy docks our poultry farms on Long Island that raise more ducklings than any state in the country a fact that becomes very evident when you attend one of their gigantic coming-out parties surprising facts Lee's but New York is a land of surprises in western New York at red Soph we find a labyrinth of crystal the largest rock salt mine in the Western world out of its glittering tunnels come enormous quantities of ruff all saw a vast logging operation for the manufacture of paper is carried on only a step from the state's largest playground here the crash of falling timber can be heard in the nearby Adirondacks where thousands come each year to hunt or just enjoy camping under the skies surprising to our the scenic wonders that nature has bountifully provided Watkins Glen near the foot of Seneca Lake is a never-ending delight to the thousands who visited each year and the Genesee Gorge a magnificent series of deep rock cuts fashioned by the Genesee River over untold centuries a 70 mile stretch of the gorge often referred to as the Grand Canyon of the East is preserved in the Letchworth State Park and greatest wonder of all Niagara Falls pouring its endless avalanche of thundering water it's a seam on equal in all door but even more impressive is the power generated by the Falls and the st. Lawrence Seaway to that potential and you have possibilities for growth that will tremendously benefit many of New York's upstate towns and cities they'll jointly by Canada and the United States the Seaway has made major seaports out of Messina Ogdensburg Black River Bay Oswego sodus Bay Rochester and Buffalo every one of them with a deep-water Harper that has opened the doors of Commerce to the ocean-going vessels of the world the economic benefit which the Seaway brings to these cities is unquestioned just as the early canals and railroads established the leadership of such growing commercial and industrial cities as Syracuse and Albany the state capital so too has the later Barge Canal and New York's Thruway met increased trade for many upstate cities especially Buffalo the second largest city in the state now the Seaway brings new and greater business opportunities this is the pattern of success that seems a part of New York from the early days it has been blessed with resources like its links and the water-level route that its railroads and canals followed to the west resources that open new avenues of economic growth that built new plants to manufacture needed commodities that constructed new homes for the new workers that were boy New York grew in just such fashion new jobs new homes new families new communities and it prospered because there was always the assurance that the better tomorrow's would continue and with good reason New York has prepared for better tomorrow's because it has made its communities better places to live for one it has provided excellent schools for the education of its children within walking distance for many and others have the fun of the ride on the long familiar school bus playground and recreational facilities abound everywhere and every effort is made to see that they grow strong and health and strong in mind New York is proud of its elementary schools an equally proud of the more than 150 eight colleges and universities that are within the state some of them have a history of more than a century of learning many are privately endowed many receive support from the state and cities in which they are located here young men and women from New York and other states and many foreign countries to undergraduate and postgraduate work in the study of ancient and modern languages of history and art the sciences engineering medicine law architecture Business Administration in New York's colleges and universities these many thousands of students prepare themselves for the years ahead years that will demand the best they've got and that best is especially true of the cadets attending the United States Military Academy at West Point they're famed school trains these young men of today to become the leaders of tomorrow yes New York is a better place to live for many reasons and not the least is that whatever community you call home vacation land is just around the corner [Music] New Yorkers and visitors enjoy the endless miles of sandy beaches along the ocean they find pleasure in the beautiful Finger Lakes and hundreds of other lakes rivers and ponds that are near at hand no matter where you go in the state when the Sun rides high on a Sunday in August some prefer to get in the water and some like to be on the water where the breeze is coolest there are those who choose to get around on horseback and begin to learn the trick of it at a very early age and [Music] there are those who like a conveyance that's just slightly more modern then of course there is another form of transport that finds favor on occasion and generally in the zoos at least it does in New York writing of course is not restricted to the children many New Yorkers take pleasure in it but from the grandstand at Belmont Jamaica and Saratoga for the thoroughbreds while the Trotters and Pacers race at Yonkers Roosevelt Raceway and other tracks carrying on a modern version of the traditional harness races that have been high points of the county fairs for generations yet another ancient sport is still carried on in the state carried on with all its meticulous customs and traditions by the Genesee Hunt Club they still ride to hounds in the same fashion as the hunters of the early days of the nation late September in New York brings with it quite a different diversion followed throughout the length and breadth of the state it's the simple act of moving about to see the brilliant coloring of autumn foliage each year the residents tell each other seems even prettier than last year and their ardent wish is that it would last longer but winter will come [Music] and York stairs make the most of it whether they live in the deep snow country of the north or in New York City where the rinks are man-made whether the York State er inclines to the winter events or summer tournaments like the international matches at Forest Hills or longs to visit the Yankee Stadium and fill with the fans as a home run brings them to their feet cheering vacation land in New York can be all of these it can be the calm of a quiet park forever it be the choice is within easy reach this then is the sovereign state of New York with its people there are 16 million of them more than any other state and with incomes that make them the largest consumer market in the world nearly 6 million of its people are gainfully employed that's about 1/10 of the nation's working ports and they live in the apartment houses of its great metropolitan centers they live in the new housing developments that reach toward the country they live in the venerable and charming homes of its smaller towns their cars travel the 506 miles from one end of a thanks to the twin concrete ribbons of New York's Thruway longest non-stop superhighway in the country they have a tradition of laws that has fostered free enterprise and they have seen its commerce and industry develop and prosper they have been in the forefront in meeting their social responsibilities New York is known for its tradition of helping one another in caring for the sick the needy and the troubled its welfare agencies and hospitals and medical research centers assure New Yorkers the finest of care they with their families and neighbors find strength in the faith of their choice a spiritual strength that can be seen in the increasing numbers who attend churches and temples in city and suburb and here too is reflected the spiritual kinship that seems a part of New York but contributes so much in making it a better place to live New York's come a long way and it's rolling into the future with a momentum gained from years of progress and it has every assurance of continuing new industrial plants are on the increase and older ones are expanding New York always blessed with ample power for its industries is building new power sources across the state from Dunkirk where the power company plant helps to serve the western part of the state to the atomic reactor plant being built at Indian Point on the Hudson by the Consolidated Edison Company this plant will supply nuclear created power to homes and factories in New York City and Westchester there will be new kinds of business opportunities large and small with all they can mean to New York's economic betterment there will be new challenges to face new decisions to be made but whatever they beat New Yorkers will be ready for them has been a good place to work a wonderful place to live and the magic of its vacation land will never dim New Yorkers wherever they be love their state they can look ahead with assurance they have the inspiration of a past in which their forefathers struggled courageously to build a heritage of freedom a heritage of goodwill one to the other a heritage of confidence that come what may they'll face up to it and persevered to success New York State has been good to them for them and their children it is indeed today as Henry Hudson saw it 350 years ago a land of promise [Music] you