ADAM TO ATOM

[Music] today's achievements began in the far far distant past when the earth was shrouded in the mists of ignorance and fear in those dim ages of man's beginnings fire became the first and greatest friend of the caveman the very symbol of his primitive home he learned to warm a dish to light with it and to cook what the hunter brought during the succeeding thousands of years that learned to replace the crude stone weapons of war end of the hunt with copper and bronze weapons and tools and observed a log rolling and at last worked out the device of the wheels one of his greatest achievements Longman was harnessing the forces of nature with his tools he was also following the less praised with a course of subduing and harnessing his fellow man under the merciless lash of the task master the slave toad with straining sinews and tortured limbs to drag the quarried rock the Sun scorches and seers their tent bodies but the will of the Pharaoh Gold's and drive them on to build the pyramids one of the greatest engineering feats in the history of man but useless for it served the vanity of one man a tomb or a dead key from the banks of the Nile the science of the ancient world moved to the Isles of Greece under the azure Grecian skies philosophers walked about exchanging thoughts and formulating theories on mathematics medicine logic confessing Euclid Pythagoras Archimedes and hero delighted in abstract speculations but saw no need to give to the people practical application of their remarkable invention time pass Rome had defeated coffee and half the world bowed down before her [Music] well done Oh appears Claudius a feat of daring engineering equal to your feet of building the aqueduct now the Appian Way named in your honor will continue on the Capua well you deserve the honors the Republic can bestow upon those who engineer the paths of Roman glory you do me too much honor there remains much to be done no consul how far go your plan my blind I see far beyond this road with my inner vision I see Roman engineers building roads leading to the far corners of the earth Roman roads will bear our on power to all the world and all the ways become too mightier Rome but novel culture grant me leave but I'm a repair the streets of the suburbia where lived the poor what would you give the poor a strip of pavement or the glory of conquering Rome use your skills for conquest for glory scatter them not as crumbs before the rabble but I hear the cheers of the multitude the ceremonies are about to begin Oh give me your hand rice shifted a pious famed engineer of Rome Rome's engineers attained a degree of skill unequaled until modern times but to spread the flow of learning there was needed one vehicle the printed word infra Marcus Johannes Gutenberg my this is a remarkable calendar the years on the Domini 1456 you buuuut Master Gutenberg hey may I see a page of your printed Bible Oh certainly Holly oh thank you why it is even clearer than the script of the manga hey yeah how many of these can you produce Oh as many as you wish as long as I have ink and paper but how do you manage it oh I'm an old gold switch and mastering driver you see Holly era the thought came upon me that letter type would not crack all the way out as there's the wooden block and so I cast large quantities of each letter of the alphabet in brass mode I shall surely movable-type I see you lock the letters into world here and each letter is in to change you're a magnificent new ID dear master goose Thank You Herrera thank you I'm not fake you see after I have printed one page of the Bible I unlocked the form and reassemble my letters into louvers and verses of the Sacred Scripture will this be God now you can pour out of blood I would like to introduce to you my partner careful he'll never push I need more people more measurable capital I need money for money yeah that's all I ever hear how much do you need this time I keep putting in my money and what are you investing I my skills I experience you know yourself I built this place with my own hands the form the type everything and you asked what this I invest but what's the use of it there is no market for your books here on Tobias master Gutenberg yeah how soon could you print me twelve lexicon month ting days you can do it so quickly I will want more you see I have many students and I have only one hand I want you shall have the hand machines of Gutenberg were a broad step forward but still inefficient and slow they bore little resemblance to today's thundering presses that do in truth more force a flood of letters about 3/4 of a billion books a year and the miles of newsprint bringing more words in each issue than in Gutenberg Bibles and bringing them with the impact of today's immediacy thus was realized Gutenberg dreams but the search for Power had yet far to go to achieve this end in 1765 at the University of Glasgow James Watt built an engine that effectively harnessed the power of steam industrious Scotsman I oh I know Oh lunch lunch dr. Roebuck is here to look at the engine well dr. robot here you see the results of my Labor's on the new combination it's quite a departure from the older engines and as your world over your doctor the new kovin engine is a combination of worthless a brick on the paper no adapter while repairing this engine I perceive the loss of energy in fuel in the constant region and coolant in the cylinder so I proceeded to construct this model now to step right over here doctor preferred me like this that you see here is the separate condenser chamber and here arm esteem valves bring in steam into the cylinder and this is my insulation keeping the steam pilots hot well I don't like the looks at that drop blah blah will you bring me a fire that's good no give it a couple of ropes right there Oh mind your fingers - hot no matter he'll get over it now doctor you know we could build engines like this to serve many purposes if we only had the proper accurate tools if we could fit the cylinder and the piston more exactly well we could build engines 105 is this size I ate but we need more money for proper accurate rules and more room - what we'll what Scotland has plenty of room and I'll give you the money if it works it's more than the high hopes of a Highlander on I give you a Scotsman's promise each will work well are you going to start it now I will perhaps we'd best all step back everything everything amazing why this injected pump how you feel move bill run our mill the possibility - all that and more this power and the machine it rains will fish away all mandatory wood you can count on my clips to add to the glory this is the sound of it why it's like a monitor right what was right steam power inspired the invention of many new machines cleared huge factories and powered new forms of locomotion that changed the face of the company the Industrial Revolution was made possible by watts control of steam power Providence had ordained a place in America where man could by word indeed bring to fruition the political as well as material benefits from the new industrial era delegates from the sovereign states meet to frame the Constitution Washington Franklin Jefferson in order to form a more perfect union establish justice insure domestic tranquility provide for the common defense promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty for ourselves and our posterity do ordain and establish this constitution for the United States of America gentlemen are we in substantial agreement we are if so let us put our names to this instrument General Washington you who have led us through war to victory and peace and who's tied in hand has given directions to our deliberations will you not be the first to sign [Music] Almighty God accept this our earnest prayer the sow will keep and preserve the blessings of liberty in this our beloved country forever these great old men our founding fathers conceived of human rights with such clarity of vision that the Bill of Rights enunciated by them has ordained inspired the statesmen of the world the year is 1852 an office in New York City who is able to be with us and add to our discussion gentlemen for some time it has been held under advisement to form here in the city of New York a society of civil engineers and that is the purpose of this meeting I suggest that we gather and publish reports on the newest methods and techniques in civil engineering so that there can be an interchange of knowledge a library are all stirred and rightly so this project we're about to undertake but we've gotta lay a solid foundation for this society of civil engineers a new era is upon us the population is moving westward the Pacific Coast is building up land rush Gold Rush it puts a tremendous responsibility upon the members of our profession definitely but what a challenge for us and what an opportunity for our youth think of it roads to be built across the desert to the swamps into the wilderness mountains to be tunneled canals to be domed harbors to be trade forced to be built railroad spanning the continent gentlemen they're only a few of us here but we have the responsibility to pave the way for industry commerce and abundance we have the power here and now too so act the century hence the honor with its praise and its gratitude the American Society of Civil Engineers the invention of America's engineers in the need for further invention had now set the stage for a man of rare genius any of your experiments why you've made an industry of industry industry oh yes yes this whole country means big industry the constant challenge to new ideas but your genius is unique for stuff and nonsense I just work harder rather than others hey I hope that man Cruz's falling asleep with that new gadget I don't know who knows this this gentleman is a particular pet of mine you know something huh this machine is going to talk and say oh this machine is going to talk you know what I got the idea huh I was singing off piece of this telephone when suddenly the vibrations of my voice sent a fine steel pointer to my finger and that set me thinking if I could record the actions of a point across the surface and then move that same point over the same surface afterwards whatever I saw no reason why the thing wouldn't talk you know it's funny where ideas come from especially when you're looking for them when I you see gentlemen the tin foil is wrapped around the cylinder now this needle point you see it in here record the sound onto the soft info not mr. Edison that's impossible it takes a complicated set of vocal cords and a diaphragm to produce south I'm not producing sound I'm recording but you said it would talk well we'll see you know the proof of the pudding is in the eating common sense can that reproduce peak oh but it will it will you see I bet you about this cigar that bad thing we'll know in just a moment devil in it mary had a little lamb everywhere that mary went the lamb was sure to be now you see Tom and I take the needle office then move it back to the point where I started yeah now in just a moment we'll know whether or not we've recorded some medicine took out a thousand patents in his lifetime his inventions and his improvements on the inventions of others made their mark in the homes of the nation the achievements of men of science pyramides laying the foundations for new and greater industries and a prosperity that reached to every town and village and farm that's the turn of the century an infant giant the internal combustion engine reached for new worlds to conquer why in the name of common sense why go into a new model when our old model is going over like Niagara it's insane Henry's got new ideas he's going to cast four cylinders in one block what why that's too heavy and what if one Thunder cracks you've got to buy all four to replace it well Henry's going to produce in such quantity that a four-cylinder block will be cheaper beyond the heavens man reproducing ten thousand cars a year now besides you'd have to spend a million dollars just in retooling well why not predicting more actually what I intend to do oh but good heavens Henry what do you hope to gain by it listen to me Flanders I buy the foot house 225 thousand cars at five percent profit in a new high price cars a 200 percent polisher you defects for the greatest number of people will always win out in the a what are you a businessman or a philanthropist why take the risk it's insane to scratch our tools and plowing our profits on one of your scatterbrain hunters our old model is good but not good enough and not cheap enough well there's no sense arguing with you you're a stubborn mule you don't know business I'm through I don't know business what it's just Ling common hey Jim what is our balance sheet shows well you want the exact figures more never mind never mind just put it on two retooling I love it we will put out a new model in one of these pages and men never dream the rebel each Park will be machined to exact size no supplemental fittings no wasted miners and every sense that I can save in construction factory management in the purchase of materials even if I have to own the source of supply that's a good idea will be deducted from the selling price the price is going down Jim let's announce well what are you going to say well let me think I'm going to put out a motor-car for the poor out you put it down I'm going to put out a motor-car for the multitude I'll call it my Model T it'll be large enough for the family and simple enough for the individual to take care of it'll be made of the best materials by the best men that I can hire and from the simplest designs that modern engineering can devise but it'll be so low price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one and with his family enjoy hours of pleasure out in God's wide-open spaces I don't know why it's just plain common sense common sense and good business principles working together brought the fruits of invention to every citizen automobiles were made cheap enough and good enough to become no longer the pleasure of the fuel but a necessity used by millions the benefits of Edison's Pearl Street Power Station flowed across the land and electric power became the basic multi-port for the new industrial nations bringing light into the lives of millions and providing power for an ever-growing myriad of tools that continue to build America and this great force ever growing made accessible the power of the atoms the Giants of the future [Music] the forms of entertainment were changed gas light and candlelight gave way to electric lights and new media rose based on the new kinds of lights and power needy of entertainment that could bring joy and relaxation to thousands upon thousands in their leisure time and the growth of America taking its spring from the inventions of Gutenberg with his basic idea of mass production has brought forth generation after generation of student engineer's to learn more to build more in this land of America and the future of new things the creation of new wonders rests on the shoulders of the youth the young men and women has returned to build on the buildings of the past new structures for the betterment of the life of America and the world America's growth is been great with but seven percent of the world's population working on the six percent of the world's surface America now produces more than half the world's good it is a far cry from the primitive tools of farming that dig neither wise nor deep day America's engineers have built great machines that turn the earth and probably rather drop [Music] old forms of watercraft that took much labour and gave little transport have been transformed by the skill and imagination of American engineers and the use of new sources of power and design into great ships that push thousands and thousands of tons from port to port fifteen thousand tons of coal in one load on an inland waterway [Music] even the earlier forms of our own American buildings simple watermill and quaint cupboard bridges have changed their structure in a brief span and great bridges have been built crops cannot be grown without water life cannot survive without it but the carrying of water from source to farm has worried man for century and inefficient means were divided until today's American engineers creating new wonders have provided new lake new rivers new streams water arid land and make greens a desert the human back has done the world's work from primitive days till the time when power could be harnessed power efficient enough and portable enough to do the work wherever it might be found no longer need the backs of men carry the goods of the earth [Music] this tremendous fruitfulness of American industry is largely the creation of American engineers American engineers who have held one gold before them to produce more goods that are made of newer and better materials at lower and lower prices so that what is a luxury today may be the universal necessity of tomorrow - they send across our land new modes of transportation larger faster stronger have arisen to carry the goods of our factory new - bigger - more exact tools tools to make upper - have been devised so that new kinds of goods can be produced better and all kinds of goods produced in new ways dimension of what has long since superseded his most ambitious dreams and new sources of power undreamed-of have been hottest new materials countless in their numbers and variety have been created to provide the many goods that now make America great and still the need for further development marches on the need to devise new means of doing greater labor than man's back is capable of to produce more goods to provide more comfort in leisure for the people of America and the world ideas inventions initiatives will with these America build machines whose research skills with these America build mass production born of Liberty giving to all the fruit of Industry with thee America bill besides look down on a land whose engineers have found the boundaries of their own territory have countered its vast resources from sea to sea today American engineers have not yet found any boundaries to space base the project of the future [Music] [Applause] [Music]